Prevalence of Contagious Mastitis Pathogens in Bulk Tank Milk from Dairy Farms in Lower Saxony, Germany

Hygiene Pub Date : 2024-03-26 DOI:10.3390/hygiene4020009

Jan Kortstegge, V. Krömker

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Streptococcus (Sc.) agalactiae, Prototheca spp., Staphylococcus (S.) aureus, and especially methicillin-resistant S. aureus as well as Myco-plasmopsis (M.) spp. and M. bovis in bulk tank milk (BTM) on dairy farms in Lower Saxony, Germany. BTM samples were collected in January 2023 from 208 selected dairy farms. The samples were quantitatively culturally analyzed for S. aureus and Prototheca spp. Presumptive S. aureus colonies were further confirmed by MALDI-TOF. Presumptive Prototheca spp. colonies were confirmed by light microscopy. Sc. agalactiae and Mycoplasmopsis spp. were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (rtPCR). Sc. agalactiae was detected in two herds (1% (Confidence Interval 95% (CI) 0.3–3.4)). S. aureus was confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) in 38 herds (18.3% (CI 13.6–24.1)), assuming a threshold of >10 cfu/mL milk. A total of 154 isolates identified as S. aureus by MALDI-TOF were transferred to agar with added oxacillin for resistance testing, of which 19 isolates (12.3% (CI 8–18.5)) showed growth. The 19 isolates came from eight different farms (3.8% (2–7.4)). Prototheca spp. were identified in 13 herds (6.3% (CI 3.7–10.4)). Mycoplasmopsis spp. were detected by PCR in 18 herds (8.7% (CI 5.5–13.3)). Of these, M. bovis was present in three herds (1.4% (0.5–4.2)). The herd prevalence of Sc. agalactiae in BTM appears to be at low levels in the sampled area. The prevalence of Mycoplasmopsis spp. in the herds was higher than expected compared to previous studies. It is interesting to note that the percentage of M. bovis in the total Mycoplasmopsis spp. was only 16.7%.

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德国下萨克森州奶牛场散装牛奶中传染性乳腺炎病原体的流行情况

本研究旨在确定德国下萨克森州奶牛场散装罐装奶（BTM）中的变形链球菌（Sc. agalactiae）、原壶菌属（Prototheca spp.）、金黄色葡萄球菌（S. aureus），特别是耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（Methicillin resistant S. aureus）以及霉浆菌（M. plasmopsis spp.）和牛杆菌（M. bovis）的流行率。2023 年 1 月从 208 个选定的奶牛场采集了 BTM 样品。通过 MALDI-TOF 进一步确认了推定的金黄色葡萄球菌菌落。通过光学显微镜确认推定的原壶菌属菌落。通过实时聚合酶链式反应（rtPCR）检测乳酸杆菌和拟杆菌。在两个牧群中检测到金黄色葡萄球菌（1%（置信区间 95% (CI)0.3-3.4））。通过基质辅助激光解吸/电离飞行时间 (MALDI-TOF)，在 38 个牧群（18.3% (CI 13.6-24.1)）中确认了金黄色葡萄球菌，假定阈值为 >10 cfu/mL 牛奶。通过 MALDI-TOF 鉴定为金黄色葡萄球菌的 154 个分离物被转移到添加了奥沙西林的琼脂上进行耐药性测试，其中 19 个分离物（12.3% (CI 8-18.5)）出现生长。这 19 个分离物来自 8 个不同的农场（3.8%（2-7.4））。在 13 个畜群（6.3%（CI 3.7-10.4））中发现了原鞭毛虫属。在 18 个牧场（8.7%（CI 5.5-13.3））中通过 PCR 检测到了支原体。其中，有 3 个牛群（1.4% (0.5-4.2)）发现了牛支原体。在采样地区，BTM 中猪乳头瘤病毒（Sc. agalactiae）的畜群流行率似乎较低。与之前的研究相比，猪群中支原体的流行率高于预期。值得注意的是，牛支原体在支原体总数中所占比例仅为 16.7%。

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Hygiene

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