SOURCES OF POLLUTION OF SURFACE WATERS, DEVELOPMENT OF RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THEIR DETECTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF PREVENTION METHODS

Abstract

The problem of water pollution is becoming more and more urgent for the whole world. Unfortunately, Georgia is not an exception, where water sources, despite their number, are small and a significant part of them is polluted. Unlike contamination of industrial wastewater treatment plants, which comes from multiple diffuse sources, biological contamination results from the movement of precipitation or snowmelt onto and into the soil. As runoff moves, it collects and transports natural and anthropogenic pollutants and deposits them in rivers, groundwater, or lakes. Special attention should be paid to the biological pollution of water sources, which occurs as a result of washing or flushing of sources of anthropogenic biological pollution with rain and melt water. After entering the water environment, under favorable conditions, pathogenic organisms can multiply rapidly, which poses a threat to the environment. Contamination of water sources is a major cause of water quality problems. The impact of source water contaminants on specific waters varies and cannot always be fully assessed. However, we know that these pollutants have harmful effects on drinking water supplies and wildlife. That is why it is necessary to find the source of biological pollution of water in order to develop an effective method of its elimination.