Challenges on Water Footprint (WF) Accounting of Batik Production: A Reflection from the Study on Batik SMEs in Jarum Village, Klaten Regency, Indonesia

IF 0.4 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution Pub Date : 2024-03-28 DOI:10.3233/ajw240015

Widhi Handayani, D. Suwarno, B. Widianarko

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Indonesian batik has been a cultural product for a hundred years. Its recognition as an intangible heritage has led its production to bring benefits in economic terms. However, there are environmental problems indicated by its production, and one of which is the water use. It is common to find information regarding the pollution caused by batik production. However, studies on water footprint of batik could bring insight that batik problem in relation to water doesn’t limit solely to pollution, but also to the huge volume of water consumed during batik production. In this understanding, the WF approach, both consumptive and degradative water use, is important. Although studies on batik WF have been conducted, it is still limited. This paper discusses the challenges faced in exploring batik WF based on field experience. An understanding of batik itself and batik SME characteristics are required because they are closely related to the WF of the process. Finally, this paper explains the conceptual and technical challenges that will be faced during the study of batik WF.

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蜡染生产的水足迹（WF）核算面临的挑战：对印度尼西亚克拉登县 Jarum 村蜡染中小企业的研究反思

印度尼西亚蜡染作为一种文化产品已有百年历史。蜡染被认定为非物质遗产后，其生产带来了经济效益。然而，蜡染生产也带来了一些环境问题，其中之一就是用水问题。有关蜡染生产造成污染的信息屡见不鲜。然而，对蜡染水足迹的研究可以使人们认识到，蜡染与水有关的问题不仅限于污染，还包括蜡染生产过程中消耗的大量水资源。在这种认识中，水足迹方法（包括消耗性用水和降解性用水）非常重要。虽然对蜡染用水量的研究已经开展，但仍然有限。本文根据实地经验讨论了在探索蜡染用水量方面所面临的挑战。需要了解蜡染本身和蜡染中小型企业的特点，因为它们与工艺的用水量密切相关。最后，本文解释了蜡染 WF 研究过程中将面临的概念和技术挑战。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES-

CiteScore

1.00

自引率

20.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Asia, as a whole region, faces severe stress on water availability, primarily due to high population density. Many regions of the continent face severe problems of water pollution on local as well as regional scale and these have to be tackled with a pan-Asian approach. However, the available literature on the subject is generally based on research done in Europe and North America. Therefore, there is an urgent and strong need for an Asian journal with its focus on the region and wherein the region specific problems are addressed in an intelligent manner. In Asia, besides water, there are several other issues related to environment, such as; global warming and its impact; intense land/use and shifting pattern of agriculture; issues related to fertilizer applications and pesticide residues in soil and water; and solid and liquid waste management particularly in industrial and urban areas. Asia is also a region with intense mining activities whereby serious environmental problems related to land/use, loss of top soil, water pollution and acid mine drainage are faced by various communities. Essentially, Asians are confronted with environmental problems on many fronts. Many pressing issues in the region interlink various aspects of environmental problems faced by population in this densely habited region in the world. Pollution is one such serious issue for many countries since there are many transnational water bodies that spread the pollutants across the entire region. Water, environment and pollution together constitute a three axial problem that all concerned people in the region would like to focus on.