Heterogeneous rights

Abstract

This paper explores the complex landscape of sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) politics in Brazil, and the country’s promotion of these human rights norms internationally. Despite Brazil’s image as a trailblazer in LGBTQ+ rights and inclusion, activists are challenged domestically by legislative hurdles and conservative movements. Brazil’s challenging domestic situation stands in stark contrast with the country’s role as a prominent advocate for SOGI norms internationally. This paper unpacks these contradictions and compares Brazil’s trajectory with those of Argentina and South Africa. A closer look at SOGI human rights norms in the Brazilian context reveals diverse pathways to human rights norm promotion. Despite setbacks, Brazil’s experience offers insights into the resilience of human rights advocacy and the potential for transformative change, advocating for a nuanced understanding of SOGI politics amidst diverse actors and contexts.