Performance-based earthquake early warning for tall buildings

IF 3.1 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CIVIL
Farid Ghahari, Khachik Sargsyan, Grace A Parker, Daniel Swensen, Mehmet Çelebi, Hamid Haddadi, Ertugrul Taciroglu
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Abstract

The ShakeAlert Earthquake Early Warning (EEW) system aims to issue an advance warning to residents on the West Coast of the United States seconds before the ground shaking arrives, if the expected ground shaking exceeds a certain threshold. However, residents in tall buildings may experience much greater motion due to the dynamic response of the buildings. Therefore, there is an ongoing effort to extend ShakeAlert to include the contribution of building response to provide a more accurate estimation of the expected shaking intensity for tall buildings. Currently, the supposedly ideal solution of analyzing detailed finite element models of buildings under predicted ground-motion time histories is not theoretically or practically feasible. The authors have recently investigated existing simple methods to estimate peak floor acceleration (PFA) and determined these simple formulas are not practically suitable. Instead, this article explores another approach by extending the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER) performance-based earthquake engineering (PBEE) to EEW, considering that every component involved in building response prediction is uncertain in the EEW scenario. While this idea is not new and has been proposed by other researchers, it has two shortcomings: (1) the simple beam model used for response prediction is prone to modeling uncertainty, which has not been quantified, and (2) the ground motions used for probabilistic demand models are not suitable for EEW applications. In this article, we address these two issues by incorporating modeling errors into the parameters of the beam model and using a new set of ground motions, respectively. We demonstrate how this approach could practically work using data from a 52-story building in downtown Los Angeles. Using the criteria and thresholds employed by previous researchers, we show that if peak ground acceleration (PGA) is accurately estimated, this approach can predict the expected level of human comfort in tall buildings.
基于性能的高层建筑地震预警
ShakeAlert 地震预警(EEW)系统的目的是,如果预计的地面震动超过一定的临界值,则在地面震动来临前几秒钟向美国西海岸的居民发出预警。然而,由于建筑物的动态响应,高层建筑中的居民可能会受到更大的震动。因此,人们一直在努力扩展 ShakeAlert,将建筑物的响应也包括在内,以便更准确地估计高层建筑的预期震动强度。目前,在预测的地动时间历程下分析建筑物的详细有限元模型这一所谓的理想解决方案在理论和实践上都不可行。作者最近研究了现有的估算楼面峰值加速度 (PFA) 的简单方法,并确定这些简单公式实际上并不适用。本文将太平洋地震工程研究中心(PEER)基于性能的地震工程(PBEE)扩展到了 EEW,考虑到在 EEW 情景下,建筑响应预测所涉及的每个组成部分都是不确定的,从而探索另一种方法。虽然这个想法并不新颖,也有其他研究人员提出过,但它有两个缺点:(1) 用于响应预测的简单梁模型容易产生建模不确定性,而这种不确定性尚未量化;(2) 用于概率需求模型的地面运动不适合 EEW 应用。在本文中,我们分别通过将建模误差纳入梁模型参数和使用一组新的地面运动来解决这两个问题。我们使用洛杉矶市中心一栋 52 层建筑的数据演示了这种方法的实际应用。利用之前研究人员采用的标准和阈值,我们表明,如果峰值地面加速度(PGA)估算准确,这种方法可以预测高层建筑的预期人体舒适度。
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来源期刊
Earthquake Spectra
Earthquake Spectra 工程技术-工程:地质
CiteScore
8.40
自引率
12.00%
发文量
88
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Earthquake Spectra, the professional peer-reviewed journal of the Earthquake Engineering Research Institute (EERI), serves as the publication of record for the development of earthquake engineering practice, earthquake codes and regulations, earthquake public policy, and earthquake investigation reports. The journal is published quarterly in both printed and online editions in February, May, August, and November, with additional special edition issues. EERI established Earthquake Spectra with the purpose of improving the practice of earthquake hazards mitigation, preparedness, and recovery — serving the informational needs of the diverse professionals engaged in earthquake risk reduction: civil, geotechnical, mechanical, and structural engineers; geologists, seismologists, and other earth scientists; architects and city planners; public officials; social scientists; and researchers.
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