{"title":"Pain types and risk factors in post-COVID-19.","authors":"Ayşegül Ketenci, Mert Zure, Fatma Merih Akpınar, Yelda Soluk Özdemir, Özlem Balbaloğlu, Mazlum Serdar Akaltun, Ender Erden, Ayla Çağlıyan Türk, Merve Damla Korkmaz, Burcu Metin Ökmen, Özlem Altındağ, Feray Soyupek, Elif Yakşi, Dilşad Sindel, Nalan Sezgin, Kübra Ustaömer, Fatma Nur Kesiktaş, Didem Dere, Şevket Güneş, Cansın Medin Ceylan, Birkan Sonel Tur, Deniz Evcik","doi":"10.5606/tftrd.2024.13828","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to accurately evaluate pain lasting longer than three months and falls under the category of chronic pain and to determine the risk factors to follow up and treat properly and to develop appropriate diagnostic and treatment algorithms.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Between March 2021 and December 2021, a total of 437 patients (162 males, 275 females; mean age: 44±14.6 years; range, 12 to 82 years) who were referred to the participating centers due to pain complaints and were diagnosed with post-COVID-19 condition according to the criteria defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) were included in the study. The patients were divided into three groups as nociceptive pain, neuropathic pain, and central sensitization, based on the physician's clinical evaluation and the Self-Report Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs (S-LANSS) and Central Sensitization Inventory scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most common diagnosis was nociceptive pain followed by central sensitization. Patients with nociceptive pain had less pain. It was found that not exercising regularly, having a chronic disease and being a woman were risk factors for central sensitization, having thyroid disease before COVID-19, and defining the current pain as very severe were risk factors for neuropathic pain.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the evaluation of post-COVID-19 pain, neuropathic pain and central sensitization should be also considered in addition to nociceptive pain and the severity of pain, systemic diseases and physical activity should be questioned.</p>","PeriodicalId":56043,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"70 1","pages":"30-38"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10966756/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Turkish Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.5606/tftrd.2024.13828","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/3/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"REHABILITATION","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Objectives: This study aims to accurately evaluate pain lasting longer than three months and falls under the category of chronic pain and to determine the risk factors to follow up and treat properly and to develop appropriate diagnostic and treatment algorithms.
Patients and methods: Between March 2021 and December 2021, a total of 437 patients (162 males, 275 females; mean age: 44±14.6 years; range, 12 to 82 years) who were referred to the participating centers due to pain complaints and were diagnosed with post-COVID-19 condition according to the criteria defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) were included in the study. The patients were divided into three groups as nociceptive pain, neuropathic pain, and central sensitization, based on the physician's clinical evaluation and the Self-Report Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs (S-LANSS) and Central Sensitization Inventory scores.
Results: The most common diagnosis was nociceptive pain followed by central sensitization. Patients with nociceptive pain had less pain. It was found that not exercising regularly, having a chronic disease and being a woman were risk factors for central sensitization, having thyroid disease before COVID-19, and defining the current pain as very severe were risk factors for neuropathic pain.
Conclusion: In the evaluation of post-COVID-19 pain, neuropathic pain and central sensitization should be also considered in addition to nociceptive pain and the severity of pain, systemic diseases and physical activity should be questioned.
期刊介绍:
The Turkish Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (Formerly published as Türkiye Fiziksel Tıp ve Rehabilitasyon Dergisi) is the official journal of the Turkish Society of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. The journal is an international open-access, double-blind peer-reviewed periodical journal bringing the latest developments in all aspects of physical medicine and rehabilitation, and related fields. The journal publishes original articles, review articles, editorials, case reports (limited), letters to the editors. The target readership includes academic members, specialists, residents working in the fields of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. The language of the journal is English and it is published quarterly (in March, June, September, and December).