Role of microglia/macrophage polarisation in intraocular diseases (Review).

IF 8.3 2区 材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-29 DOI:10.3892/ijmm.2024.5369
Haoran Li, Biao Li, Yanlin Zheng
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Macrophages form a crucial component of the innate immune system, and their activation is indispensable for various aspects of immune and inflammatory processes, tissue repair, and maintenance of the balance of the body's state. Macrophages are found in all ocular tissues, spanning from the front surface, including the cornea, to the posterior pole, represented by the choroid/sclera. The neural retina is also populated by specialised resident macrophages called microglia. The plasticity of microglia/macrophages allows them to adopt different activation states in response to changes in the tissue microenvironment. When exposed to various factors, microglia/macrophages polarise into distinct phenotypes, each exhibiting unique characteristics and roles. Furthermore, extensive research has indicated a close association between microglia/macrophage polarisation and the development and reversal of various intraocular diseases. The present article provides a review of the recent findings on the association between microglia/macrophage polarisation and ocular pathological processes (including autoimmune uveitis, optic neuritis, sympathetic ophthalmia, retinitis pigmentosa, glaucoma, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, subretinal fibrosis, uveal melanoma, ischaemic optic neuropathy, retinopathy of prematurity and choroidal neovascularization). The paradoxical role of microglia/macrophage polarisation in retinopathy of prematurity is also discussed. Several studies have shown that microglia/macrophages are involved in the pathology of ocular diseases. However, it is required to further explore the relevant mechanisms and regulatory processes. The relationship between the functional diversity displayed by microglia/macrophage polarisation and intraocular diseases may provide a new direction for the treatment of intraocular diseases.

小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞极化在眼内疾病中的作用(综述)。
巨噬细胞是先天性免疫系统的重要组成部分,它们的激活对于免疫和炎症过程、组织修复和维持机体平衡等各个方面都是不可或缺的。从包括角膜在内的前表面到以脉络膜/巩膜为代表的后极部,所有眼部组织中都存在巨噬细胞。神经视网膜中也有称为小胶质细胞的特化常驻巨噬细胞。小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞的可塑性使它们能够根据组织微环境的变化采取不同的激活状态。当暴露于各种因素时,小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞会极化成不同的表型,每种表型都表现出独特的特征和作用。此外,大量研究表明,小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞极化与各种眼内疾病的发生和逆转之间存在密切联系。本文综述了小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞极化与眼部病理过程(包括自身免疫性葡萄膜炎、视神经炎、交感性眼炎、色素性视网膜炎、青光眼、增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变、视网膜下纤维化、葡萄膜黑色素瘤、缺血性视神经病变、早产儿视网膜病变和脉络膜新生血管)之间关系的最新研究成果。此外,还讨论了小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞极化在早产儿视网膜病变中的矛盾作用。多项研究表明,小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞参与了眼部疾病的病理过程。然而,还需要进一步探索相关机制和调控过程。小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞极化所显示的功能多样性与眼内疾病之间的关系可能为眼内疾病的治疗提供新的方向。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 工程技术-材料科学:综合
CiteScore
16.00
自引率
6.30%
发文量
4978
审稿时长
1.8 months
期刊介绍: ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces is a leading interdisciplinary journal that brings together chemists, engineers, physicists, and biologists to explore the development and utilization of newly-discovered materials and interfacial processes for specific applications. Our journal has experienced remarkable growth since its establishment in 2009, both in terms of the number of articles published and the impact of the research showcased. We are proud to foster a truly global community, with the majority of published articles originating from outside the United States, reflecting the rapid growth of applied research worldwide.
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