Sex Differences and Clinical Outcomes of Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection and Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis: A Systematic Review.

IF 2.3 4区 医学 Q2 HEMATOLOGY
Saleh A Algarni, Naif S ALGhasab, Mohammed S Alharbi, Anas Albarrak, Ahmad A Alanezi, Hamdan M Al Shehri
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Abstract

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is a rare neurovascular condition that has been observed in individuals with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This systematic review aimed to explore the sex differences and characteristics of concurrent COVID-19 and CVST cases. A total of 212 CVST patients were included in the study. Women with CVST had a slightly higher mean age compared to men (47.359 years vs 46.08 years). Women were more likely to report symptoms such as fever (56.1%) and decreased sense of smell or taste (71.4%), while men more frequently experienced nausea or vomiting (55.6%), headache (62.9%), and seizures (72%). Notably, current smokers, who were predominantly men, had a higher occurrence of CVST. On the other hand, women had a higher likelihood of CVST risk factors such as oral contraceptive pill (OCP) use and autoimmune diseases. Treatment approaches also showed sex-based differences. Unfractionated heparin was administered more often to women with CVST (63.2%). The in-hospital mortality rate for CVST patients was 21.3%, with men having a significantly higher mortality rate than women (65.2% vs 34.8%, P = .027). Survival analysis revealed that factors such as smoking history, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, OCP use, COVID-19 symptoms, CVST symptoms, and the need for intubation significantly influenced survival outcomes. Understanding these sex differences in COVID-19-related CVST is crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective management, ultimately leading to improved patient outcomes. Our findings highlight the importance of considering sex as a factor in the evaluation and treatment of individuals with COVID-19 and concurrent CVST.

2019年冠状病毒病感染和脑静脉窦血栓患者的性别差异和临床结果:系统性综述
脑静脉窦血栓形成(CVST)是一种罕见的神经血管疾病,曾在冠状病毒病2019(COVID-19)患者中观察到。本系统性综述旨在探讨COVID-19和CVST并发病例的性别差异和特征。研究共纳入了212名CVST患者。女性 CVST 患者的平均年龄略高于男性(47.359 岁对 46.08 岁)。女性更容易出现发烧(56.1%)、嗅觉或味觉减退(71.4%)等症状,而男性则更经常出现恶心或呕吐(55.6%)、头痛(62.9%)和癫痫发作(72%)。值得注意的是,以男性为主的吸烟者发生 CVST 的比例更高。另一方面,女性出现 CVST 风险因素(如口服避孕药(OCP)和自身免疫性疾病)的可能性更高。治疗方法也显示出性别差异。女性 CVST 患者更常使用非减量肝素(63.2%)。CVST患者的院内死亡率为21.3%,男性死亡率明显高于女性(65.2% vs 34.8%,P = .027)。生存分析表明,吸烟史、糖尿病、高血压、使用 OCP、COVID-19 症状、CVST 症状和插管需求等因素对生存结果有显著影响。了解 COVID-19 相关 CVST 的这些性别差异对于准确诊断和有效管理至关重要,最终可改善患者的预后。我们的研究结果强调了在评估和治疗 COVID-19 并发 CVST 患者时考虑性别因素的重要性。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.40
自引率
3.40%
发文量
150
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: CATH is a peer-reviewed bi-monthly journal that addresses the practical clinical and laboratory issues involved in managing bleeding and clotting disorders, especially those related to thrombosis, hemostasis, and vascular disorders. CATH covers clinical trials, studies on etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of thrombohemorrhagic disorders.
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