Evaluation of the influence of mineralogical attributes on the economic potentials of some carbonate rocks from Abakaliki Fold Belt, south-eastern Nigeria

IF 1.1 4区 地球科学 Q3 GEOLOGY
G. E. Ene, M. J. Dumbo, F. O. Ugwu
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Abstract

The mineralogy of some carbonate rocks from the Abakaliki Basin has been investigated to determine the depositional environment classification and assess the suitability of the rocks for application in geotechnical construction and industrial process systems. The method of investigation included field mapping and petrographic and geochemical techniques to characterize their field characteristics, mineral types and texture and chemical contents. Mapping revealed two lithologic units of sandstone and shale that associate with the carbonates in a similar sequence. The carbonates contain fossils and are composed of calcite, quartz and rockclasts. The grains have angular to sub-rounded sphericity and are dispersed in hetereolithic groundmass. The major oxide composition shows average value of 32.30wt% SiO2, 26.37wt% CaO, 7.23wt% MgO, 6.56wt% Fe2O3, 4.38wt% Al2O3, and 3.23wt% K2O + Na2O in decreasing order of abundance. Concentrations of trace elements are significantly higher (> 100 ppm) for V, Cr, Sr, Zr, Cu, Ba, Pb and Zn and comparatively lower for Sb, Ge, Ce, Y, As, Hg, Tiand Au. The studied rocks qualify as biomicrite or wackestone and range from dolomitic, through carbonaceous to siliceous limestone deposited in a wide spectrum of environment from shallow marine to transitional setting. The rocks are marginally suitable for use as aggregates due to the presence of deleterious contents of quartz and organics. For cement production, their low content of CaO, relatively high SiO2, comparatively high LOI and elevated abundances of contaminant heavy elements are major limitations. Similarly, in paper, plastic, paint, metallurgy and pharmaceutics, the rocks are unsuitable due to the constituent minerals.

Abstract Image

评估尼日利亚东南部阿巴卡利基褶皱带一些碳酸盐岩的矿物属性对其经济潜力的影响
对阿巴卡利基盆地的一些碳酸盐岩的矿物学进行了调查,以确定沉积环境分类,并评估这些岩石在岩土工程建设和工业加工系统中的适用性。调查方法包括实地测绘以及岩石学和地球化学技术,以确定岩石的实地特征、矿物类型、质地和化学成分。绘制地图时发现了两个岩性单元,分别为砂岩和页岩,它们与碳酸盐岩的序列相似。碳酸盐岩含有化石,由方解石、石英和岩石碎屑组成。颗粒呈角状至近圆形球状,分散在石灰质地层中。主要氧化物成分的平均值依次为:32.30wt% SiO2、26.37wt% CaO、7.23wt% MgO、6.56wt% Fe2O3、4.38wt% Al2O3 和 3.23wt% K2O + Na2O。微量元素的含量,钒、铬、锶、锆、铜、钡、铅和锌明显较高(> 100 ppm),而锑、锗、铈、钇、砷、汞、钛和金则相对较低。所研究的岩石属于生物岩或瓦基岩,从白云质到碳质再到硅质石灰岩,沉积环境从浅海到过渡环境不一而足。由于含有有害的石英和有机物,这些岩石不太适合用作集料。在水泥生产中,它们的主要限制因素是氧化钙含量低、二氧化硅含量相对较高、LOI 相对较高以及污染性重元素丰度较高。同样,在造纸、塑料、油漆、冶金和制药领域,这些岩石也因其矿物成分而不适用。
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来源期刊
Carbonates and Evaporites
Carbonates and Evaporites 地学-地质学
CiteScore
2.80
自引率
14.30%
发文量
70
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Established in 1979, the international journal Carbonates and Evaporites provides a forum for the exchange of concepts, research and applications on all aspects of carbonate and evaporite geology. This includes the origin and stratigraphy of carbonate and evaporite rocks and issues unique to these rock types: weathering phenomena, notably karst; engineering and environmental issues; mining and minerals extraction; and caves and permeability. The journal publishes current information in the form of original peer-reviewed articles, invited papers, and reports from meetings, editorials, and book and software reviews. The target audience includes professional geologists, hydrogeologists, engineers, geochemists, and other researchers, libraries, and educational centers.
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