Encouragement as a Form of Social Support Promoting Boundary Crossing and the Development of a Courage Scale

Satoshi Kato
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Abstract

ABSTRACT: A courage scale was developed to address issues regarding the definition of Adlerian courage. It considered the relationships among encouragement, courage, and boundary crossing in Japanese university students using structural equation modeling (SEM). According to exploratory factor analysis, the courage scale comprised two factors: striving for superiority over the self and social interest, consistent with Adler’s model of courage. Both factors exhibited sufficient reliability and validity. The SEM results indicated that encouragement from an intimate friend positively influenced social interest, which in turn positively influenced boundary crossing while negatively influencing boundary crossing in the absence of mediation. A classroom management approach based on the results and aimed at enhancing social interest is discussed from an Adlerian perspective.
鼓励作为一种促进跨界的社会支持形式和勇气量表的开发
摘要:为解决阿德勒勇气定义方面的问题,我们开发了一个勇气量表。它采用结构方程建模(SEM)的方法研究了日本大学生的鼓励、勇气和越界之间的关系。根据探索性因子分析,勇气量表包括两个因子:争取超越自我和社会利益,与阿德勒的勇气模型一致。这两个因子都表现出足够的信度和效度。SEM 结果表明,亲密朋友的鼓励对社交兴趣有积极影响,而社交兴趣又对越界行为有积极影响,同时在没有中介的情况下,社交兴趣对越界行为有消极影响。本文从阿德勒的视角讨论了基于上述结果并旨在提高社交兴趣的课堂管理方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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