Association between lifestyle and mental health of Kyiv children in the second year of the war

S. Hozak, O. Yelizarova, T. Stankevych, A. Parats, N. Lebedynets
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Abstract

The aim of the study was to research changes in the daily routine and learning of schoolchildren during the war and their association with mental health. Materials and methods: A study of daily routines and mental health of schoolchildren in Kyiv was conducted using an online questionnaire. Informed consent was obtained from parents. For analyzing 1417 questionnaires were selected (743 boys, 674 girls). The study of responses to the questionnaires made it possible to determine the weekly duration of physical activity (PA) of light (LPA) and moderate and high-intensity physical activity (MVPA), the duration of sedentary activity (SB) and sleep, as well as to determine the gradation of anxiety-depressive indicators and signs of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The formats of the learning process were evaluated (full-time, distance, mixed). The data obtained were also compared with the data at the beginning of the full-scale invasion. Statistical methods of data obtained were used. Results: The study showed that during the war, Kyiv schoolchildren’s daily routine and level of physical activity changed. In the spring of 2023, (47.0±1.4)% of Kyiv schoolchildren had full-time learning, (19.3±1.1)% - in distance learning, (32.9±1.3_% - in mixed learning, in contrast to 2022, when children learned mainly in a distance format. In 2023, there was a 6.4% decrease in sleep duration compared to 2022. Additionally, there was a 19.2% increase in total physical activity due to LPA, while conversely, there was a 17.7% decrease in MVPA. In 2022, 23.1% of school-age children had the optimal level of MVPA (60 min/day), while in 2023, this percentage decreased to 11.3% (p<0.001). The proportion of children with anxiety, depression indicators and PTSD in 2023 was 10.5%, 26.4%, and 13.9%, respectively. In the presence of signs of depression and/or anxiety, schoolchildren demonstrated a decrease in all types of physical activity, a reduction in sleep duration, and, conversely, an increase of SB. Conclusions: Further research is needed to study the impact of lifestyle on the mental health of schoolchildren during the war, given the decreased duration of MVPA in Kyiv schoolchildren against the background of increased level of depression indicators. This will enable the identification of at-risk groups and the implementation of comprehensive measures to assist children in adapting during humanitarian emergencies.
战争第二年基辅儿童的生活方式与心理健康之间的关系
本研究旨在调查战争期间学童日常生活和学习的变化及其与心理健康的关系。材料和方法使用在线问卷对基辅学童的日常生活和心理健康进行了研究。研究获得了家长的知情同意。共选取了 1417 份问卷(男生 743 份,女生 674 份)进行分析。通过对问卷答复的研究,确定了每周轻度(LPA)、中度和高强度(MVPA)体育活动(PA)的持续时间、久坐活动(SB)的持续时间和睡眠时间,并确定了焦虑-抑郁指标的分级和创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)的迹象。对学习过程的形式(全日制、远程、混合)进行了评估。获得的数据还与全面入侵开始时的数据进行了比较。对获得的数据采用了统计方法。结果显示研究表明,在战争期间,基辅学童的日常生活和体育活动水平发生了变化。2023 年春季,基辅学龄儿童中全日制学习的占 (47.0±1.4)%,远程学习的占 (19.3±1.1)%,混合学习的占 (32.9±1.3_%),而 2022 年主要是远程学习。与 2022 年相比,2023 年的睡眠时间减少了 6.4%。此外,由于 LPA,总体育活动量增加了 19.2%,相反,MVPA 减少了 17.7%。2022年,23.1%的学龄儿童的MVPA达到最佳水平(60分钟/天),而到了2023年,这一比例下降到11.3%(p<0.001)。2023 年,患有焦虑症、抑郁症指标和创伤后应激障碍的儿童比例分别为 10.5%、26.4% 和 13.9%。在出现抑郁和/或焦虑症状时,学龄儿童的各类体育活动均有所减少,睡眠时间缩短,相反,SB 则有所增加。结论是鉴于基辅学童的 MVPA 持续时间减少,而抑郁指标水平上升,因此需要进一步研究战争期间生活方式对学童心理健康的影响。这将有助于识别高危人群并实施综合措施,帮助儿童在人道主义紧急情况下适应环境。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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