The intimate geopolitics of evidence gathering in war crime investigation in Ukraine

Sarah Klosterkamp , Alex Jeffrey
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Abstract

The Russian invasion of Ukraine illustrates the increasingly judicialized nature of international relations and geopolitics. By viewing aspects of the invasion as illegal – in particular through the identification of war crimes and crimes against humanity – the international response draws attention to the political geographies of international criminal investigation. Human rights groups, academics, journalists, and open-source forensic investigations have joined forces to collect, evaluate and analyze the violent nature of war crimes. While similar shifts in evidence gathering have been observed in the case of the Bosnia-Herzegovina war and the Assad regime's violence against Syrian citizens, the use of evidence-gathering technologies and evidence-securing institutions in the case of Ukraine is distinctive. In this scholarly intervention we seek to illustrate the intimate geopolitics of evidence gathering by zooming in on two different elements that shape evidential procedures in Ukraine: i) the blurring of civilian/military boundaries; and ii) the challenges of access. By evaluating what is new and what is similar to previous war sites, we suggest that these two areas reflect a geopolitics of evidence gathering, highlighting its global-local intimacies. Both these areas are well positioned to foster new research on the (geo)legal nature of war crimes in political geography and beyond.

乌克兰战争罪调查中证据收集的亲密地缘政治
俄罗斯入侵乌克兰说明了国际关系和地缘政治日益司法化的性质。通过将入侵的某些方面视为非法--特别是通过认定战争罪和危害人类罪--国际社会的反应引起了人们对国际刑事调查的政治地理学的关注。人权组织、学者、记者和开放源码法医调查联合起来,收集、评估和分析战争罪的暴力性质。虽然在波黑战争和阿萨德政权针对叙利亚公民的暴力事件中也观察到了类似的证据收集转变,但在乌克兰事件中,证据收集技术和证据保障机构的使用是与众不同的。在这一学术干预中,我们试图通过放大影响乌克兰取证程序的两个不同因素来说明证据收集的亲密地缘政治:i) 民间/军事界限的模糊;ii) 获取的挑战。通过评估哪些是新的,哪些与以前的战争遗址相似,我们认为这两个领域反映了证据收集的地缘政治学,突出了其全球与地方的亲密关系。这两个领域都能很好地促进政治地理学及其他领域关于战争罪(地缘)法律性质的新研究。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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