The effect of water turbidity on prey consumption and female feeding patterns in African turquoise killifish

IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q3 FISHERIES
Jakub Žák, Pavlína Šuhajová
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Abstract

Water turbidity alters prey detectability and prey selection by a predator. In dimorphic mesopredators, the effect of water turbidity on foraging success may be sex specific, primarily due to sex differences in reproductive allotment, body size and vulnerability to predation. To experimentally test the effect of turbidity on prey consumption with respect to sex, we used turquoise killifish (Nothobranchius furzeri), a small fish from ephemeral savanna pools in southeast Africa that vary widely in turbidity. Large males possess conspicuous nuptial coloration while females are smaller and drab. Vision is assumed to be a fundamental sense for turquoise killifish, despite often living in very turbid water. As mesopredators, killifish regulate the invertebrate community in ephemeral pools. We tested the consumption of bloodworms (benthic and red-coloured) and glassworms (pelagic and transparent) under clear (<1NTU) and turbid (320 NTU) water conditions. We found that turquoise killifish maintained their overall foraging success irrespective of turbidity. In both the clear and turbid water, the females consumed three times more food than males relative to their body mass. This likely stems from the females' high nutritional demands due to daily reproduction. It also suggests that females are not risk-aversive in clear water despite their smaller size. Water turbidity affected the type of prey consumed by turquoise killifish and demonstrated its potential to affect the community structure of invertebrate species in ephemeral pools.

Abstract Image

水体浑浊度对非洲绿松石鳉猎物消耗和雌鱼摄食模式的影响
水体浑浊会改变捕食者对猎物的可探测性和选择。在二态中层捕食者中,水体浑浊度对觅食成功率的影响可能具有性别特异性,这主要是由于在生殖分配、体型和易受捕食程度方面存在性别差异。为了在实验中检验浊度对猎物消耗的性别影响,我们使用了绿松石鳉(Nothobranchius furzeri),这是一种产自非洲东南部短暂热带草原水池的小型鱼类,水池的浊度变化很大。体型较大的雄鱼具有明显的新婚色彩,而雌鱼体型较小,色彩单调。尽管绿松石鳉经常生活在非常浑浊的水中,但视觉被认为是它们的基本感官。作为中型食肉动物,箭鱼能调节蜉蝣池中的无脊椎动物群落。我们测试了在清澈(<1NTU)和浑浊(320NTU)的水质条件下血虫(底栖、红色)和玻璃虫(浮游、透明)的摄食情况。我们发现,无论水质浑浊与否,绿松石鳉的觅食成功率都很高。在清澈和浑浊的水体中,相对于雄鱼的体重,雌鱼的食物消耗量是雄鱼的三倍。这可能是因为雌鱼每天都要进行繁殖,对营养的需求很高。这也表明,尽管雌性体型较小,但在清水中并不规避风险。水体浑浊度影响了绿松石鳉鱼捕食猎物的种类,并证明其有可能影响蜉蝣池中无脊椎动物的群落结构。
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来源期刊
Ecology of Freshwater Fish
Ecology of Freshwater Fish 农林科学-海洋与淡水生物学
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
45
审稿时长
12-24 weeks
期刊介绍: Ecology of Freshwater Fish publishes original contributions on all aspects of fish ecology in freshwater environments, including lakes, reservoirs, rivers, and streams. Manuscripts involving ecologically-oriented studies of behavior, conservation, development, genetics, life history, physiology, and host-parasite interactions are welcomed. Studies involving population ecology and community ecology are also of interest, as are evolutionary approaches including studies of population biology, evolutionary ecology, behavioral ecology, and historical ecology. Papers addressing the life stages of anadromous and catadromous species in estuaries and inshore coastal zones are considered if they contribute to the general understanding of freshwater fish ecology. Theoretical and modeling studies are suitable if they generate testable hypotheses, as are those with implications for fisheries. Manuscripts presenting analyses of published data are considered if they produce novel conclusions or syntheses. The journal publishes articles, fresh perspectives, and reviews and, occasionally, the proceedings of conferences and symposia.
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