Mitochondrial dynamics and the significance of its disturbances in the development of childhood diseases. Part I. Physiological and neurological aspects

Abstract

   In recent years, the dynamics of mitochondrial transformations in cells have been of more concern to both representatives of basic science and researchers in the field of applied medicine. A growing number of observations demonstrate the important regulatory influence of mitochondrial dynamics on a variety of physiological and pathological processes in many, if not all, organ and tissue structures. The prospects for studying the features and regulators of these processes for understanding the pathogenesis of diseases, developing their new biomarkers, as well as treatment technologies seem increasingly significant.   The purpose of this article is to review the facts obtained regarding mitochondrial dynamics, which, from the authors’ point of view, deserve the attention of pediatricians.   The volume of relevant information turned out to be too extensive to fit into one article, which forced it to be divided into several successive publications. The first part provides information about the main processes included in the concept of “mitochondrial dynamics,” the importance of maintaining the balance of the latter for ontogenesis and tissue homeostasis, as well as data on its disturbances in diseases of the nervous system in children.