THE CHECHNYA CASES AS AN ILLUSTRATION OF THE WAY THE EUROPEAN COURT INTERPRETED THE PROCEDURAL OBLIGATION UNDER ARTICLE 2 OF THE EUROPEAN CONVENTION ON HUMAN RIGHTS

Abstract

This paper explores the European Court of Human Rights’ procedural obligations under Article 2 through the lens of three pivotal Chechnya conflict cases. It underscores the Court’s insistence on comprehensive investigations into forcerelated deaths, emphasizing accountability and proactive investigation initiation by state authorities. Highlighted cases illustrate systemic investigation failures, including premature closure, lack of thorough victim and witness identification, and procedural neglect. The paper critiques delayed and inadequate investigation efforts, underscoring the Court’s evolving jurisprudence towards more detailed investigative obligations under Article 2, reflecting a balance between upholding the right to life and addressing states’ operational challenges.