Gustavo Camargo Silva, Jialin Yu, Leonard Herndon, Spencer Samuelson, Nithya Rajan, M. Bagavathiannan
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Johnsongrass [Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.] is one of the most problematic perennial grass weed species in row-crop production across the southern United States. Control of this species is especially challenging in organic systems due to a lack of effective options. A field experiment was conducted at the Texas A&M research farm near College Station, TX, from fall 2019 to spring 2021 to evaluate various nonchemical options for managing S. halepense in the fallow season, implemented over 2 yr in the same locations. The treatments included disking once, disking twice, disking + immediate flooding, disking + flush irrigation + flooding, disking twice + flooding after the first frost, periodic mowing, acetic acid treatment, and disking + tarping. Disking + immediate flooding, disking + flush irrigation + flooding, and disking + tarping were the most effective treatments. Compared with the nontreated control plots, these treatments reduced S. halepense aboveground density (<9 plants m−2 vs. 64 plants m−2), aboveground biomass (<80 g m−2 vs. 935 g m−2), rhizome biomass (<4 g m−2 vs. 55 g m−2), rhizome node number (<25 nodes m−2 vs. 316 nodes m−2), and rhizome length (<42 cm m−2 vs. 660 cm m−2). Disking twice + flooding after the first frost did not show a consistent impact. Periodic mowing also reduced S. halepense density (12 plants m−2 vs. 64 plants m−2) and other variables compared with the control plots at the end of the study in spring 2021. Disking alone once or twice each growing season or repeated application of acetic acid failed to control S. halepense. These results indicate that well-timed nonchemical management practices such as tarping and flooding implemented during the winter fallow can be very effective in reducing S. halepense densities.
期刊介绍:
Weed Science publishes original research and scholarship in the form of peer-reviewed articles focused on fundamental research directly related to all aspects of weed science in agricultural systems. Topics for Weed Science include:
- the biology and ecology of weeds in agricultural, forestry, aquatic, turf, recreational, rights-of-way and other settings, genetics of weeds
- herbicide resistance, chemistry, biochemistry, physiology and molecular action of herbicides and plant growth regulators used to manage undesirable vegetation
- ecology of cropping and other agricultural systems as they relate to weed management
- biological and ecological aspects of weed control tools including biological agents, and herbicide resistant crops
- effect of weed management on soil, air and water.