Tailored Approach Needs Personalized Characterization for Shaping Dietary Behaviors

Kompass Nutrition & Dietetics Pub Date : 2024-03-14 DOI:10.1159/000537888

Elena Carrillo-Alvarez

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Abstract

To analyze compliance with dietary recommendations (DR) based on the Mediterranean Diet among natives and immigrants in Spain. A cross-sectional study was carried out using the Platform of Longitudinal Studies of Immigrant Families comparing immigrant workers from Colombia, Ecuador and Morocco with Spanish workers. Adjusted odds ratios (ORa) of sufficient compliance with DR were obtained by sociodemographic variables. We also obtained the adjusted difference in means (DMa) for foods for which there was compliance with DR. Moroccans had greater compliance for meat (ORa = 7.22), eggs (ORa = 5.03) and cured-meats (ORa = 89.78). Ecuadorians for sweets (ORa = 4.03) and Spaniards for natural-juices and dairy-products. Moroccans had the greatest compliance in terms of the number of foods (DMa = 1.53), while Colombians had the least (DMa = − 0.95). Men (DMa = − 0.98), those with primary or incomplete primary education (DMa = − 0.83) and single-parent families (DMa = − 0.58) showed lower compliance. Compliance with DR was low among both Spaniards and immigrants, despite differences in levels of compliance, especially between Moroccans and Colombians.

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量身定制的方法需要个性化特征来塑造饮食习惯

分析西班牙本地人和移民对基于地中海饮食的饮食建议（DR）的遵从情况。我们利用移民家庭纵向研究平台开展了一项横断面研究，将来自哥伦比亚、厄瓜多尔和摩洛哥的移民工人与西班牙工人进行了比较。根据社会人口学变量得出了充分遵守 DR 的调整几率比（ORa）。我们还得出了符合减量要求的食物的调整后均值差异（DMa）。摩洛哥人对肉类（ORa = 7.22）、蛋类（ORa = 5.03）和腌制肉类（ORa = 89.78）的依从性更高。厄瓜多尔人对甜食的依从性更高（ORa = 4.03），西班牙人对天然果汁和乳制品的依从性更高。摩洛哥人对食物数量的依从性最高（DMa = 1.53），而哥伦比亚人最低（DMa = - 0.95）。男性（DMa = - 0.98）、小学或未完成小学教育者（DMa = - 0.83）和单亲家庭（DMa = - 0.58）的依从性较低。尽管西班牙人和移民在遵守DR的程度上存在差异，特别是摩洛哥人和哥伦比亚人之间的差异，但西班牙人和移民对DR的遵守程度都很低。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Kompass Nutrition & Dietetics

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