Exploring place attachment: Insights from post-Gorkha earthquake resettlement planning in Nepal

Sanjaya Uprety, Barsha Shrestha
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Abstract

This study investigates the relationship between place attachment and resettlement planning in Nepal post the Gorkha Earthquake of 2015. Focusing on functional place dependence, it analyses place attachment within the Panipokhari Integrated Settlement, designed for the Thami community in Dolakha district. Using "residential satisfaction" as a parameter to measure the influencing factors of place dependence, data were collected through a Likert scale survey, interviews, and observations. The analysis encompassed Cronbach's Alpha for reliability (α = 0.825), mean satisfaction scores for evaluation, and Spearman’s rank correlation to explore relationships between residential satisfaction parameters and place dependence factors. The study revealed significant correlations, highlighting varied influences on place attachment. Notably, social connectivity, represented by nearness to relatives (r = 0.720, p = 0.000), exhibited a strong positive correlation. Similarly, infrastructure amenities like electricity (r = 0.532, p = 0.000) displayed a relatively strong positive correlation, while access to health facilities (r = 0.447, p = 0.002) demonstrated a moderate positive correlation. Moreover, settlement planning components—kitchen gardens (r = 0.623, p = 0.000), open spaces (r = 0.578, p = 0.000), settlement layout (r = 0.549, p = 0.000), and cattle sheds (r = 0.574, p = 0.000)—significantly correlated with increased attachment. Additionally, housing design factors like immediate exterior spaces (r = 0.730, p = 0.000), spaces for life cycle rituals (r = 0.771, p = 0.000), and social events (r = 0.663, p = 0.000) and building performance factor winter thermal comfort (r = 0.606, p = 0.000)displayed substantial positive correlations. Acknowledging study limitations, it offers insights for planners and policymakers, stressing holistic approaches for sustainable resettlement. Future research should explore diverse factors and contexts, emphasizing the dynamic nature of place dependence. Ultimately, the study underscores the intricate relationship between satisfaction parameters and place attachment, urging comprehensive resettlement strategies.
探索对地方的依恋:尼泊尔戈尔卡地震后重新安置规划的启示
本研究调查了尼泊尔 2015 年廓尔喀地震后地方依恋与重新安置规划之间的关系。本研究以功能性场所依赖为重点,分析了为多拉卡县塔米社区设计的帕尼波卡里综合安置点内的场所依恋。以 "居住满意度 "作为衡量场所依赖影响因素的参数,通过李克特量表调查、访谈和观察收集数据。分析包括信度 Cronbach's Alpha(α = 0.825)、评价满意度平均分以及斯皮尔曼等级相关性,以探讨居住满意度参数与地方依赖性因素之间的关系。研究显示,两者之间存在明显的相关性,凸显了对地方依恋的不同影响。值得注意的是,以近亲(r = 0.720,p = 0.000)为代表的社会连通性表现出很强的正相关性。同样,电力(r = 0.532,p = 0.000)等基础设施也表现出相对较强的正相关性,而医疗设施(r = 0.447,p = 0.002)则表现出中等程度的正相关性。此外,居住区规划要素--菜园(r = 0.623,p = 0.000)、空地(r = 0.578,p = 0.000)、居住区布局(r = 0.549,p = 0.000)和牛棚(r = 0.574,p = 0.000)--与依恋程度的提高有显著相关性。此外,住房设计因素,如直接外部空间(r = 0.730,p = 0.000)、生命周期仪式空间(r = 0.771,p = 0.000)和社交活动空间(r = 0.663,p = 0.000),以及建筑性能因素冬季热舒适度(r = 0.606,p = 0.000)也显示出显著的正相关性。尽管研究存在局限性,但它为规划者和决策者提供了启示,强调了可持续重新安置的整体方法。未来的研究应探索不同的因素和背景,强调地方依赖的动态性质。最后,本研究强调了满意度参数与地方依恋之间错综复杂的关系,并敦促制定全面的重新安置战略。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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