Revolution, War, and Cholera in 1848–49: The Case of Hungary

IF 0.3 3区 历史学 Q2 HISTORY
Csaba Fazekas
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This paper investigates the events and lessons from the 1848–49 cholera epidemic in Hungary. For contemporaries, the ongoing revolution and civil war pushed the devastation of the cholera epidemic into the background, even though the death rate was similar to that of the earlier 1831 infection. The epidemic hit the country in a period when the revolutionary Hungarian state was waging a war of self-defense. This article strives to refute the historiographic view that the movements of the different armies had a considerable influence on the development of the epidemic. Instead, this article argues that the cholera epidemic was a demographic crisis unfolding in the background of war, but for the most part independently of it. It mattered that most people of that time had already directly experienced cholera and that the Hungarian government did not want to cause panic with restrictive measures. In 1848, cholera was not a “mobilizing factor,” but in 1849 it contributed to the demoralization of the hinterland and frequently appeared in the political propaganda of the civil war.
1848-49 年的革命、战争和霍乱:匈牙利案例
本文探讨了 1848-49 年匈牙利霍乱疫情中的事件和教训。对于同时代的人来说,正在进行的革命和内战将霍乱疫情的破坏性推到了风口浪尖,尽管当时的死亡率与 1831 年早些时候的霍乱疫情相似。霍乱疫情发生时,匈牙利革命国家正在进行自卫战争。本文试图驳斥史学界的观点,即不同军队的调动对疫情的发展有相当大的影响。相反,本文认为霍乱疫情是在战争背景下发生的人口危机,但大部分情况下与战争无关。重要的是,当时的大多数人已经直接经历过霍乱,而且匈牙利政府不想通过限制性措施引起恐慌。在 1848 年,霍乱并不是一个 "动员因素",但在 1849 年,它导致了内陆地区士气低落,并经常出现在内战的政治宣传中。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.60
自引率
25.00%
发文量
58
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