The Potential of Bentonite as a Low-cost Adsorbent for the Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Multicomponent Aqueous Systems of the Galvanic Industry

International Research Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-03-20 DOI:10.9734/irjpac/2024/v25i2848

Melisa Ahmetović, I. Šestan, A. Odobašić, Edisa Papraćanin, H. Keran, Abdel Đozić, Halid Junuzović

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Abstract

Waste water in the galvanic process contains high concentrations of heavy metals that pose a direct danger to humans and the environment. Conventional methods for their removal are quite expensive and generate a large amount of waste. The development of new and improvement of existing methods for the removal of heavy metals from galvanic wastewater are the subject of many studies. Compared to other purification methods, the adsorption is becoming an increasingly popular method of wastewater purification, especially if the adsorbent is cheap, easily available and does not require any other treatment before use. Therefore, the aim of the work was to investigate the possibility of using natural bentonite for the removal of heavy metal ions from multi-component water systems of the galvanic industry. For this purpose, the physico-chemical characterization of natural bentonite was performed, and then the influence of pH value, time and temperature on the adsorption efficiency was examined. The results of adsorption showed that natural bentonite can be used as an adsorbent for the removal of heavy metal ions from waste galvanic waters, and that at pH 5 it achieves the maximum removal efficiency for Cu(II):Cr(III):Ni(II) ions in the percentage ratio 100 : 99.990 : 99.998. The results showed that the highest removal efficiency for Cu (II) ions was achieved in the first 10 minutes, and 20 minutes for Cr (III) and Ni (II) ions. The maximum efficiency of Cu (II) removal was achieved at all temperatures, while for Cr (III) 99.99% and Ni (II) 100% maximum efficiency was achieved at 35°C, which indicates that the adsorption process is endothermic. The experimental results of the adsorption of Cu (II) metal ions are in good agreement with the Langmuir and Freundlich theoretical models, while for Cr (III) and Ni (II) ions they are in better agreement with the Langmuir adsorption model.

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膨润土作为一种低成本吸附剂去除电镀工业多组分水体系中重金属离子的潜力

电镀过程中产生的废水含有高浓度的重金属，对人类和环境造成直接危害。传统的去除重金属的方法非常昂贵，而且会产生大量废物。与其他净化方法相比，吸附法正日益成为一种流行的废水净化方法，尤其是当吸附剂便宜、容易获得且在使用前不需要任何其他处理时。因此，这项工作的目的是研究使用天然膨润土去除电镀工业多组分水系统中重金属离子的可能性。为此，对天然膨润土进行了物理化学表征，然后研究了 pH 值、时间和温度对吸附效率的影响。吸附结果表明，天然膨润土可用作去除废电解水中重金属离子的吸附剂，在 pH 值为 5 时，天然膨润土对 Cu(II)：Cr(III)：Ni(II) 离子的去除率最高，比例为 100 : 99.990 : 99.998。结果表明，前 10 分钟对 Cu (II) 离子的去除率最高，20 分钟对 Cr (III) 和 Ni (II) 离子的去除率最高。Cu (II) 金属离子的吸附实验结果与 Langmuir 和 Freundlich 理论模型十分吻合，而 Cr (III) 和 Ni (II) 离子的吸附实验结果与 Langmuir 吸附模型更为吻合。

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International Research Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry

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