Determinants and Prevalence of Exclusive Breastfeeding Among Thai Muslim Mothers: A Cross-sectional Analysis

Abstract

Exclusive breastfeeding is pivotal for the health and development of infants and offers numerous benefits to mothers. However, unique cultural beliefs and practices, particularly among Muslim communities, can significantly influence breastfeeding behaviors. This study sought to elucidate the factors influencing exclusive breastfeeding among Thai Muslim mothers. The sample was 168 postpartum Muslim mothers from well-baby clinics in southern Thailand, selected through multi-stage random sampling. Data were collected from June to December 2022 employing the Demographic Data Form, Infant Feeding Intentions Scale, Breastfeeding Knowledge Questionnaire, Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale, Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale -Short Form, Maternal Health Literacy Scale, Islamic Belief Scale, Exclusive Breastfeeding Social Support, and Breastfeeding Practices Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Spearman rank’s correlation, and binary logistic regression analysis. The study found that the rate of exclusive breastfeeding among Thai Muslim mothers at six months postpartum was 54.8%. Notably, breastfeeding self-efficacy emerged as the sole predictor of exclusive breastfeeding, accounting for 11% of the variance in this practice. These findings underscore the critical role of breastfeeding self-efficacy in promoting exclusive breastfeeding. It is recommended that nurses and healthcare professionals develop culturally tailored support programs that enhance breastfeeding self-efficacy, aligned with Islamic beliefs, to improve breastfeeding practices among Muslim mothers.