Development and characterization of a through-air thermobonding process with high heating rate for activating the binder and producing preforms for fibre-reinforced polymers

IF 2.3 3区 材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES
Sven Hellmann, Thomas Gereke, Wolfgang Truemper, Chokri Cherif
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Abstract

This study focuses on the development of an advanced high heating rate thermobonding process for the manufacture of preforms and the metrological characterisation of the process. The process involves passing hot air, driven by pressure differential, through a textile stack consisting of several plies of a quadraxial fabric coated with a binder. Heat is transferred into the stack and into the binder by forced convection, melting the binder. The process is used in the same way to cool the stack and binder so that the plies are bonded together. The pressure differential compacts the stack. The comprehensive methodological characterisation of the process includes first determining the air permeability of the stack and thus the volume flow of air as a function of the number of plies stacked. Further characterisation focuses on a comprehensive determination of the heating behaviour in the individual plies as a function of time, using thermocouples and thermal imaging to determine the temperatures of hot air and textiles. These are compared and related using a mathematical approach as different values have been found. The results indicate high heating rates, reducing process time by at least 85% compared to previous binder activation methods. In addition, the cantilever method assesses the flexural stiffness of the processed stacks and shows a twofold improvement in bond strength compared to uncompacted stacks. Results and discussions include orifice based volume flow determination, thermography calibration, mathematical modelling, stiffness of bonded textile plies, process comparison, process control and potential energy savings.
开发高加热率空气热粘合工艺并确定其特性,该工艺用于活化粘合剂和生产纤维增强聚合物预制件
本研究的重点是开发一种先进的高加热速率热粘合工艺,用于制造预成型件,并对该工艺进行计量表征。该工艺包括在压差的驱动下,让热空气通过由涂有粘合剂的多层四轴织物组成的织物堆。热量通过强制对流传入叠层和粘合剂,使粘合剂熔化。用同样的方法冷却叠层和粘合剂,使各层粘合在一起。压力差使叠层紧密结合。该工艺的综合方法特征包括首先确定叠层的透气性,从而确定空气流量与叠层数量的函数关系。进一步表征的重点是全面确定各层织物的加热行为与时间的函数关系,使用热电偶和热成像技术确定热空气和织物的温度。由于发现了不同的数值,因此采用数学方法对这些数值进行比较和关联。结果表明,与以前的粘合剂活化方法相比,该方法加热率高,至少可减少 85% 的加工时间。此外,悬臂法评估了加工堆垛的挠曲刚度,结果表明与未压实堆垛相比,粘结强度提高了两倍。结果和讨论包括基于孔口的体积流量测定、热成像校准、数学建模、粘合纺织层的刚度、工艺比较、工艺控制和潜在节能。
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来源期刊
Journal of Composite Materials
Journal of Composite Materials 工程技术-材料科学:复合
CiteScore
5.40
自引率
6.90%
发文量
274
审稿时长
6.8 months
期刊介绍: Consistently ranked in the top 10 of the Thomson Scientific JCR, the Journal of Composite Materials publishes peer reviewed, original research papers from internationally renowned composite materials specialists from industry, universities and research organizations, featuring new advances in materials, processing, design, analysis, testing, performance and applications. This journal is a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).
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