Menière's disease.

Abstract

Introduction: Menière's disease causes feelings of fullness or pressure in the ear, hearing loss, tinnitus, and recurrent bouts of vertigo, and mainly affects people aged 30-60 years. Menière's disease is at first progressive but fluctuating, and episodes can occur in clusters. Vertigo usually resolves eventually, but the hearing deteriorates and the tinnitus and pressure may persist regardless of treatment.

Methods and outcomes: We conducted a systematic overview, aiming to answer the following clinical questions: What are the effects of combination treatment (betahistine plus thiazide diuretic) to prevent attacks and delay disease progression of Menière's disease? What are the effects of intratympanic interventions to prevent attacks and delay disease progression of Menière's disease? What are the effects of non-drug interventions to prevent attacks and delay disease progression of Menière's disease? What are the effects of dietary interventions to prevent attacks and delay disease progression of Menière's disease? We searched: Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and other important databases up to July 2014 (Clinical Evidence overviews are updated periodically; please check our website for the most up-to-date version of this overview).

Results: At this update, searching of electronic databases retrieved 200 studies. After deduplication and removal of conference abstracts, 151 records were screened for inclusion in the overview. Appraisal of titles and abstracts led to the exclusion of 100 studies and the further review of 51 full publications. Of the 51 full articles evaluated, five systematic reviews and four RCTs were added at this update. We performed a GRADE evaluation for eight PICO combinations.

Conclusions: In this systematic overview, we categorised the efficacy for seven interventions based on information about the effectiveness and safety of betahistine plus thiazide diuretic, caffeine restriction, intratympanic corticosteroids, intratympanic gentamicin, psychological support, salt restriction, and vestibular rehabilitation.