Endogenous measures for stifling corruption within selected agricultural and food development projects in Benue State, North Central, Nigeria

Esther Enuwa Abah , Clement Owoicho Momoh , Samuel Olushola Fadairo
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Abstract

Due to the increasing cases of failed agricultural intervention projects in Benue State, as a result of corruption and sharp practices, this study was carried out to investigate the effect of endogenous measures used for stifling corruption within selected agricultural intervention projects in Benue State, North Central, Nigeria. key players' attitudes toward stifling corruption were also studied. Agriculture is the mainstay of the Benue State populace, but regrettably, this sector has deteriorated, and it is barely an agent of development and empowerment because of the effect of corruption on it. A preliminary survey was carried out to identify and ascertain the existence of endogenous measures employed in stifling corruption in the three local government zones (A, B, and C) of Benue State. Consequently, zone ‘C’ was randomly selected. A total of 129 respondents from all of the selected agricultural intervention projects in the zone were used. Focus Group Discussions (FGD), In-depth interviews (IDIs) with key players, and structured questionnaires were used to collect data. The dimension of sharp practices in the selected agricultural development projects was more pronounced in allocating agricultural supplies to the farmers and less pronounced in bribery, influence peddling, pricing, and duty abandonment. FGD and IDIs with key players revealed that Ekaa or Okpa (oath taking), Aolode (local vigilante), Echi (protective charms), public denouncement, tying of palm frond leaves, Enumajeje (Mucuna pruriens), withdrawal of project from the community, and Onyonkpo (village cult) were the endogenous measures deployed to stifle corruption in the selected agricultural development projects. These various endogenous measures deployed by some key players of the selected agricultural development projects to curb sharp practices significantly prevented intended culprits from indulging in deviant behavior for fear of its instant judgment on culprits. It is recommended based on the findings that endogenous measures should be encouraged to complement the government's efforts and the crude aspects of the measures conflicting with natural justice should be ejected.

在尼日利亚中北部贝努埃州选定的农业和粮食发展项目中抑制腐败的内生措施
鉴于贝努埃州农业干预项目因腐败和腐败行为而失败的案例日益增多,本研究对尼日利亚中北部贝努埃州选定的农业干预项目中用于抑制腐败的内生措施的效果进行了调查,同时还研究了主要参与者对抑制腐败的态度。农业是贝努埃州人民的支柱产业,但令人遗憾的是,由于腐败的影响,该产业每况愈下,几乎无法促进发展和赋权。为了确定贝努埃州三个地方政府区(A、B 和 C 区)是否存在抑制腐败的内生性措施,我们开展了一项初步调查。因此,"C "区被随机选中。从该地区所有选定的农业干预项目中,共选取了 129 名受访者。数据收集采用了焦点小组讨论 (FGD)、与主要参与者的深度访谈 (IDI) 以及结构化问卷调查。在选定的农业发展项目中,在向农民分配农用物资方面存在的不正之风比较突出,而在贿赂、影响力兜售、定价和弃职方面则不太明显。与主要参与者进行的 FGD 和 IDI 显示,Ekaa 或 Okpa(宣誓)、Aolode(当地治安员)、Echi(护身符)、公开谴责、捆绑棕榈叶、Enumajeje(Mucuna pruriens)、从社区撤出项目以及 Onyonkpo(乡村邪教)是在选定的农业发展项目中抑制腐败的内在措施。选定的农业发展项目的一些主要参与者为遏制尖锐行为而采取的各种内生性措施,极大地阻止了潜在的犯罪者沉溺于异常行为,因为他们害怕犯罪者会立即受到审判。根据研究结果,建议应鼓励采取内生性措施来补充政府的努力,并摒弃与自然公正相冲突的粗暴措施。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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