An introductory review of swarm technology for spacecraft on-orbit servicing

IF 3.4 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL
El Ghali Asri, Zheng H. Zhu
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Abstract

This review paper presents a comprehensive evaluation and forward-looking perspective on the underexplored topic of servicing target objects using spacecraft swarms. Such targets can be known or unknown, cooperative or uncooperative, and pose significant challenges in modern space operations due to their inherent complexity and unpredictability. Successfully servicing space objects is vital for active debris removal and broader on-orbit servicing tasks such as satellite maintenance, repair, refueling, orbital assembly, and construction. Significant effort has been invested in the literature to explore the servicing of targets using a single spacecraft. Given its advantages and benefits, this paper expands the discussion to encompass a swarm approach to the problem. This review covers various single-spacecraft approaches and presents a critical examination of the existing, although limited, body of work dedicated to servicing orbital objects using multiple spacecraft. The focus is also broadened to include some influential studies concerning the characterization, capture, and manipulation of physical objects by general multiagent systems, a subject with significant parallels to the core interest of this manuscript. Furthermore, this article also delves into the realm of simultaneous localization and mapping, highlighting its application within close-proximity operations in space, especially when dealing with unknown uncooperative targets. Special attention is paid to the benefits that this field can receive from distributed multiagent architectures. Finally, an exploration of the promising field of swarm robotics is presented, with an emphasis on its potential to revolutionize the servicing of orbital target objects. Concurrently, a survey of general research directly engaging swarms in the orbital context is conducted. This review aims to bridge the knowledge gap and stimulate further research in the underexplored domain of servicing space targets with spacecraft swarms.

Abstract Image

航天器在轨服务蜂群技术入门综述
本综述论文对利用航天器群为目标物体提供服务这一尚未充分探索的课题进行了全面评估,并提出了前瞻性观点。这些目标可能是已知的,也可能是未知的;可能是合作的,也可能是不合作的;由于其固有的复杂性和不可预测性,它们对现代太空行动构成了重大挑战。成功地为空间物体提供服务对于主动清除碎片和更广泛的在轨服务任务(如卫星维护、修理、加油、轨道组装和建造)至关重要。文献中已经投入了大量精力来探索使用单个航天器为目标提供服务。鉴于其优势和益处,本文将扩大讨论范围,以包括解决该问题的蜂群方法。这篇综述涵盖了各种单航天器方法,并对现有的利用多个航天器为轨道物体提供服务的工作(尽管数量有限)进行了批判性审查。此外,本文还扩大了研究范围,纳入了关于一般多代理系统对物理对象的特征描述、捕获和操纵的一些有影响力的研究,这一主题与本手稿的核心兴趣有着重要的相似之处。此外,本文还深入探讨了同步定位和绘图领域,强调了其在太空近距离行动中的应用,尤其是在处理未知的不合作目标时。文章特别关注了分布式多代理架构在这一领域的优势。最后,介绍了对前景广阔的蜂群机器人技术领域的探索,重点是其彻底改变轨道目标物体服务的潜力。同时,还对在轨道环境中直接参与蜂群的一般研究进行了调查。本综述旨在弥合知识差距,促进在利用航天器群为空间目标提供服务这一探索不足的领域开展进一步研究。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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CiteScore
3.50
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0.00%
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