Lower limits of physical properties and classification evaluation criteria of the tight reservoir in the Ahe Formation in the Dibei Area of the Kuqa depression

Abstract

The Ahe Formation in the Dibei Area is a key natural gas exploration formation in the northern structural belt. Based on geological data such as formation tests and physical properties, the tight reservoirs were determined using the empirical statistics method, distribution function method, oil-bearing occurrence method, and bound fluid saturation method reasonably. The lower limit of the oil-bearing physical properties of the layer was further analyzed for the differences between the methods. The pore-throat structure of tight sandstone was characterized by high-pressure mercury intrusion data, and the classification and evaluation standard of tight sandstone in the Ahe Formation in the Dibei Area was established combining fractal theory and physical property data. The results show that the lower physical limit porosity of the tight reservoir of the Ahe Formation in the Dibei Area is 2.4%, and the lower permeability limit is 0.021 × 10−3 μm2. According to the fractal dimension characteristics of the mercury injection curve, the different structural characteristics of four types of pores (fracture, macropore, mesopore, and small pore) can be divided with the boundary values are 3,000, 1,000, and 100 nm; the tight reservoir of the Ahe Formation in Dibei Area can be classified into four categories: (a) type I reservoir (Ф > 7%), mainly composed of fracture and macropore; (b) type II reservoir (4% < Ф < 7%), mainly made up of macropore and mesopore; (c) type III reservoir (2% < Ф < 4%), mainly formed by mesopore; and (d) type IV reservoir (Ф < 2%) dominated by small pore, followed by mesopore.