Influence of human activity on gut microbiota and immune responses of Darwin’s finches in the Galápagos Islands

IF 1.4 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Avian Conservation and Ecology Pub Date : 2024-03-31 DOI:10.5751/ace-02592-190108

Jada N. Bygrave, Ashley C. Love, Maxine Zylberberg, Alyssa Addesso, Sarah A. Knutie

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Urbanization can influence many environmental factors that can affect the condition, immunity, and gut microbiota of birds. Over the past several decades, the Galápagos Islands of Ecuador have experienced increasing human activity, which has led to recent changes in the morphology, gut microbiota, and immunity of Darwin’s finches. However, these traits have not been characterized before the exponential growth of human population size and tourist visitation rates, i.e., before 2009. The goal of this study was to determine the effect of land use on the fecal microbiota, immune response, and body measurements of Darwin’s finches in 2008, at a time of rapidly increasing human activity on the islands. Specifically, we compared fecal microbiota (bacterial diversity, community structure and membership, and relative abundance of bacterial taxa), proxies of immunity (lysozyme activity and haptoglobin, complement antibody, and natural antibody levels), and body measurements (body mass and condition, tarsus length) across undeveloped, agricultural, and urban areas for medium ground finches (Geospiza fortis) and small ground finches (G. fuliginosa). Lysozyme activity was lower and observed bacterial species richness was higher in urban areas compared to non-urban areas across both finch species. In medium ground finches, four genera (Methylobacterium-Methylorubrum, Escherichia-Shigella, Brucella, and Citrobacter spp.) were higher in urban areas compared to undeveloped areas. In small ground finches, Paucibacter, Achromobacter, Delftia, Stenotrophomonas, and Brucella spp. had higher relative abundances in undeveloped and agricultural areas whereas the genus Cutibacterium was more abundant in finches from urban and agricultural areas than in finches from undeveloped areas. Medium ground finches were smaller in undeveloped areas compared to the other two areas, but body mass of small ground finches did not differ across areas. Our results suggest that human activity can have an impact on immune measures and gut microbiota of Darwin’s finches.

The post Influence of human activity on gut microbiota and immune responses of Darwin’s finches in the Galápagos Islands first appeared on Avian Conservation and Ecology.

查看原文本刊更多论文

人类活动对加拉帕戈斯群岛达尔文雀肠道微生物群和免疫反应的影响

城市化会影响许多环境因素，而这些因素会影响鸟类的状况、免疫力和肠道微生物群。过去几十年来，厄瓜多尔加拉帕戈斯群岛的人类活动日益频繁，导致达尔文雀的形态、肠道微生物群和免疫力发生了最新变化。然而，在人类数量和游客访问率呈指数增长之前，即 2009 年之前，这些特征还没有被描述出来。本研究的目的是确定 2008 年达尔文雀粪便微生物群、免疫反应和身体测量值对土地使用的影响，当时岛上的人类活动正在迅速增加。具体来说，我们比较了未开发地区、农业区和城市地区中型地雀（Geospiza fortis）和小型地雀（G. fuliginosa）的粪便微生物群（细菌多样性、群落结构和成员组成以及细菌类群的相对丰度）、免疫替代物（溶菌酶活性和隐血素、补体抗体和天然抗体水平）以及身体测量指标（体重和身体状况、跗关节长度）。与非城市地区相比，两种雀类在城市地区的溶菌酶活性较低，观察到的细菌物种丰富度也较高。在中型黄雀中，与未开发地区相比，城市地区的四个菌属（甲型杆菌属-甲基罗杆菌属、埃希氏-志贺氏菌属、布鲁氏菌属和柠檬酸杆菌属）较高。在小型地雀中，Paucibacter、Achromobacter、Delftia、Stenotrophomonas 和 Brucella spp.在未开发地区和农业地区的相对丰度较高，而 Cutibacterium 属在城市地区和农业地区的丰度高于未开发地区。与其他两个地区相比，未开发地区的中型地雀体型较小，但小型地雀的体重在不同地区没有差异。人类活动对加拉帕戈斯群岛达尔文雀肠道微生物群和免疫反应的影响》一文首先发表于《鸟类保护与生态学》。

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来源期刊

Avian Conservation and Ecology BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION-ORNITHOLOGY

CiteScore

2.20

自引率

7.10%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Avian Conservation and Ecology is an open-access, fully electronic scientific journal, sponsored by the Society of Canadian Ornithologists and Birds Canada. We publish papers that are scientifically rigorous and relevant to the bird conservation community in a cost-effective electronic approach that makes them freely available to scientists and the public in real-time. ACE is a fully indexed ISSN journal that welcomes contributions from scientists all over the world. While the name of the journal implies a publication niche of conservation AND ecology, we think the theme of conservation THROUGH ecology provides a better sense of our purpose. As such, we are particularly interested in contributions that use a scientifically sound and rigorous approach to the achievement of avian conservation as revealed through insights into ecological principles and processes. Papers are expected to fall along a continuum of pure conservation and management at one end to more pure ecology at the other but our emphasis will be on those contributions with direct relevance to conservation objectives.