Loneliness and the risk of type 2 diabetes

IF 3.7 2区 医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
Siri Rosenkilde, Sofie Have Hoffmann, Anne Bonde Thorsted, Trine Allerslev Horsbøl, Katrine Rich Madsen, Sara Fokdal Lehn, Allan Kofoed-Enevoldsen, Peter Bindslev Iversen, Marie Stjerne Grønkjær, Lau Caspar Thygesen
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Abstract

Introduction The incidence of type 2 diabetes is increasing globally. Recent research suggests that loneliness could be a potential risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes. We aimed to investigate the association between loneliness and type 2 diabetes and the modifying effect of mental disorders. Research design and methods We conducted a prospective study including 465 290 adults (aged ≥16 years) who participated in either the Danish Health and Morbidity Survey or the Danish National Health Survey between 2000 and 2017. Loneliness was based on self-report, while type 2 diabetes was measured using an algorithm combining several health registers including type 2 diabetes patients treated both within the hospital sector and general practice. Cox proportional hazards regressions were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Results During a mean follow-up time of 6.3 years, 13 771 individuals (3%) developed type 2 diabetes. Feeling lonely once in a while was associated with a 14% increased risk of type 2 diabetes (95% CI 1.09 to 1.20), while feeling lonely often was associated with a 24% increased risk (95% CI 1.14 to 1.34), independent of sociodemographic factors and body mass index. The association was stronger among individuals without a mental disorder (HR 1.21, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.34 among those feeling lonely often) compared with those with a mental disorder (HR 1.07, 95% CI 0.93 to 1.23). Conclusions Loneliness independently increased the risk of type 2 diabetes. The effect was more pronounced in individuals without a mental disorder, as having a mental disorder itself likely increases the risk of type 2 diabetes. These findings emphasize the importance of addressing loneliness as a modifiable risk factor in preventing type 2 diabetes. Data may be obtained from a third party and are not publicly available.
孤独与罹患 2 型糖尿病的风险
导言 2 型糖尿病的发病率在全球范围内不断上升。最近的研究表明,孤独可能是诱发 2 型糖尿病的潜在风险因素。我们旨在研究孤独与 2 型糖尿病之间的关系,以及精神障碍的调节作用。研究设计和方法 我们进行了一项前瞻性研究,研究对象包括465 290名成年人(年龄≥16岁),他们在2000年至2017年间参加了丹麦健康和发病率调查或丹麦全国健康调查。孤独感以自我报告为基础,而2型糖尿病则采用一种算法进行测量,该算法结合了多个健康登记册,其中包括在医院和全科诊所接受治疗的2型糖尿病患者。采用 Cox 比例危险回归估算危险比 (HR) 和 95% 置信区间 (95%CI)。结果 在平均 6.3 年的随访期间,有 13 771 人(3%)罹患 2 型糖尿病。偶尔感到孤独与罹患 2 型糖尿病的风险增加 14% 相关(95% CI 1.09 至 1.20),而经常感到孤独与罹患 2 型糖尿病的风险增加 24% 相关(95% CI 1.14 至 1.34),与社会人口因素和体重指数无关。与有精神障碍的人相比(HR 1.07,95% CI 0.93 至 1.23),没有精神障碍的人(经常感到孤独的人 HR 1.21,95% CI 1.10 至 1.34)与孤独的关联性更强。结论 孤独感会增加罹患 2 型糖尿病的风险。这种影响在没有精神障碍的人群中更为明显,因为精神障碍本身就可能增加罹患 2 型糖尿病的风险。这些发现强调了将孤独感作为一个可改变的风险因素来预防 2 型糖尿病的重要性。数据可能来自第三方,不对外公开。
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来源期刊
BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care
BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care Medicine-Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
CiteScore
9.30
自引率
2.40%
发文量
123
审稿时长
18 weeks
期刊介绍: BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care is an open access journal committed to publishing high-quality, basic and clinical research articles regarding type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and associated complications. Only original content will be accepted, and submissions are subject to rigorous peer review to ensure the publication of high-quality — and evidence-based — original research articles.
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