Tax Deduction Matters: Elasticities of the Laffer Curve, Taxable Income, and Tax Revenue

IF 1.1 Q3 ECONOMICS
Hiroshi Gunji, Kazuki Hiraga, Kenji Miyazaki
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Abstract

This study uses a simple dynamic general equilibrium model to demonstrate that the tax deductions affect the three elasticities: that of the Laffer curve (the Laffer elasticity, hereafter), taxable income, and the tax revenue. This study first decomposes the Laffer elasticity, which consists of the elasticity of taxable income and the tax revenue elasticity. The contributions of this paper are twofold. First, to quantitatively evaluate the importance of tax deductions, this study calculates the analytical solutions of these elasticities with respect to labor and capital income under the steady state in the general equilibrium model with exogenous deduction and a social security tax. Second, using Japanese data, this study conducts a numerical simulation with plausible parameter values. Furthermore, this study finds that the simulation results are consistent with the empirical literature on public finance: an unstable peak of the Laffer curve, a wide range of estimates for the elasticity of taxable income, and tax revenue elasticity greater than 1. The policy implication of these results is that tax rates that maximize tax revenues are unstable, depending on parameters and deductions.

Abstract Image

减税问题:拉弗曲线的弹性、应税收入和税收收入
本研究使用一个简单的动态一般均衡模型来证明税收减免会影响三个弹性:拉弗曲线弹性(以下简称拉弗弹性)、应税收入弹性和税收收入弹性。本研究首先分解了由应税收入弹性和税收弹性组成的拉弗弹性。本文有两方面的贡献。首先,为了定量评估税收减免的重要性,本研究在具有外生减免和社会保障税的一般均衡模型中,计算了这些弹性在稳定状态下相对于劳动和资本收入的分析解。其次,本研究利用日本的数据,以合理的参数值进行了数值模拟。此外,本研究还发现,模拟结果与公共财政方面的实证文献一致:拉弗曲线的峰值不稳定,应纳税收入弹性的估计值范围较大,税收弹性大于 1。这些结果的政策含义是,税收收入最大化的税率是不稳定的,这取决于参数和扣除额。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.50
自引率
8.30%
发文量
19
期刊介绍: International Advances in Economic Research (IAER) was established to promote the dissemination of economic and financial research within the international community. Founded in 1995 by the International Atlantic Economic Society, a need was identified to provide the latest research on today''s economic policies and tomorrow''s economic and financial conditions. Economists can no longer be concerned with professional developments only in their home country. Research by scholars in one country can easily have implications for other countries, yet often vital results are not shared. Economic restructuring in a shrinking world demands close analysis and careful interpretation. In IAER, authors from around the globe look at these issues, coming together in the cross-fertilization of multinational ideas. The journal provides economists, financial specialists, and scholars in related disciplines with much-needed opportunities to share their insights with worldwide colleagues. Policy-oriented, empirical, and theoretical research papers in all economic and financial areas are welcome, without regard to methodological preferences or school of thought. All manuscripts are submitted to a double-blind, peer review process. In addition to formal publication of full-length articles, IAER provides an opportunity for less formal communication through its Research Notes section. A small point may not be worthy of a full-length, formal paper but is important enough to warrant dissemination to other researchers. Research in progress may be of interest to other scholars in the field. A research approach ending in negative results needs to be shared to save others similar pitfalls. Research Notes has been established to facilitate this form of communication. The section provides a means by which short manuscripts of less than 200 words can quickly appear in IAER. The review process for these shorter manu scripts is usually completed within 30 days. Officially cited as: Int Adv Econ Res
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