Alpine blooming of “snow fleas”: the importance of snow for Alpine springtails (Hexapoda: Collembola) ecology and biodiversity

IF 2.1 4区 综合性期刊 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES
Barbara Valle, David Porco, Dariusz Skarżyński, Francesco Frati, Marco Caccianiga, Ana Rodriguez-Prieto, Michele Zeni, Mauro Gobbi
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Abstract

Springtails can occur in large populations on the snow surface. This peculiar habitat hosts specialized winter-active springtails living in colonies and using this seasonal habitat for feeding, effective dispersal and migration. Snow-active species have never been studied in Southern European Alps: the aim of this work is to study snow-active springtails of Adamello-Brenta Nature Park (“PNAB”; Italy), a peripheral mountain range of relevant biogeographic interest using integrative taxonomy. Springtail “bloomings” were sampled for 17 months by an environmental assistant of the park. Nine assemblages of springtails were found when temperatures were higher than 0 °C; eight were monospecific, with a total of five species found. The snow-active springtail fauna found includes both common Central-Northern European nival species like Desoria hiemalis (first record for Italy, although genetically differentiated from Northern Alps populations), Ceratophysella sigillata (known in Italy mainly from caves) and three species likely new to science (Hypogastrura cf. kelmendica sp1, Hypogastrura cf. kelmendica sp2, H. cf. peloponnesica, all belonging to the Hypogastrura socialisgroup). Snow is an important ephemeral habitat for springtails, for the biodiversity hosted and for its importance as an ecological corridor. We could hypothesize that snow, especially in peripheral mountain chains, acts as a fragmentary ephemeral habitat for those cold-adapted springtails. This could constitute a relevant aspect to take into consideration for conservation biology, especially in the context of the ongoing climate change. On the other hand, the Alpine chain probably acts as an ecological barrier for nival species, since isolated species and populations were found in PNAB.

Graphical Abstract

Abstract Image

阿尔卑斯山 "雪跳蚤 "的盛开:雪对阿尔卑斯山弹尾目(六足纲:驹形目)生态学和生物多样性的重要性
雪面上会出现大量的春尾虫。这种奇特的栖息地有专门的冬活春尾虫群居,并利用这种季节性栖息地觅食、有效扩散和迁徙。南欧阿尔卑斯山上的雪活泼物种从未被研究过:这项工作的目的是利用综合分类法研究阿达梅洛-布伦塔自然公园("PNAB";意大利)的雪活泼箭尾,这是一个具有相关生物地理学意义的外围山脉。公园的一名环境助理在 17 个月内对 "开花 "的箭尾进行了采样。当气温高于 0 °C时,共发现了九种春尾动物;其中八种为单种,共发现了五个物种。所发现的雪地活动春尾动物群包括常见的中欧和北欧新物种,如 Desoria hiemalis(意大利的首个记录,尽管在基因上与北阿尔卑斯山的种群有所区别)、Ceratophysella sigillata(意大利主要从洞穴中发现)和三个可能是科学界新发现的物种(Hypogastrura cf. kelmendica sp1、Hypogastrura cf. kelmendica sp2 和 H. cf. peloponnesica,均属于 Hypogastrura socialisgroup)。雪地是鞘氨蝶类重要的短暂栖息地,因为它承载着生物多样性,而且是重要的生态走廊。我们可以假设,雪地,尤其是外围山脉的雪地,是那些适应寒冷的箭尾类动物的短暂栖息地。这可能是保护生物学需要考虑的一个相关方面,尤其是在当前气候变化的背景下。另一方面,阿尔卑斯山链可能成为尼瓦尔物种的生态屏障,因为在北太平洋滩发现了孤立的物种和种群。
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来源期刊
Rendiconti Lincei-Scienze Fisiche E Naturali
Rendiconti Lincei-Scienze Fisiche E Naturali MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES-
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
10.00%
发文量
70
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Rendiconti is the interdisciplinary scientific journal of the Accademia dei Lincei, the Italian National Academy, situated in Rome, which publishes original articles in the fi elds of geosciences, envi ronmental sciences, and biological and biomedi cal sciences. Particular interest is accorded to papers dealing with modern trends in the natural sciences, with interdisciplinary relationships and with the roots and historical development of these disciplines.
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