Environmental and Demographic Effects on Vector Borne Disease Incidence: Welfare Role on DHF Reduction

Abstract

Many regions in developing countries are transitioning to an industrial economic model, accompanied by rapid population growth, which from one side is a welfare driver (WLF) and on the other side is a demographic pressure, especially a health problem such as vector-borne disease. The problem climaxes when this transition is always accompanied by environmental degradation (ENV), which begins with deforestation. Objective: [1] Determine the direct influence of: [1a] Demographic on DHF incidence, [1b] Demographic on Welfare improvement, [1c] Welfare on DHF incidence, [1d] Environment improvement on DHF incidence, [1e] Environment improvement on performance Welfare; and [2] The indirect influence of Welfare in mediating [2a] Demographic pressure and [2b] Environment improvement on DHF incidence. Research Method: Lampung Province was used as the research locus. Forest Resources Inventory Laboratory of Lampung University as a place for analysis. Postulate SEM (Structural Equation Model) was employed at a 95% confidence level. The endogenous variable was vector-borne disease (reflected by DHF incidence). The two exogenous variables were DMG (reflected by population density and the proportion of age of productive, industrial, and service workers) and ENV (reflected by maximum & minimum air temperature, forested areas, and other land uses). The mediating variable is WLF (reflected by poverty and HDI). Findings: [1] Directly, with a significant effect: [1a] DMG pressure increases DHF (P=0.000) and [1.b] WLF (P=0.000); [1.c] Environment improvement increases welfare (P=0.000) while [1d] reduces DHF; and [1.e] WLF improvement can reduce DHF (P=0.010) and [2] The role of WLF improvement [2a] can significantly reduce the incidence of DHF due to demographic pressure (P=0.007) while also [2b] amplifying environmental improvement in reducing DHF significantly (P=0.023). Novelty:To reduce DHF incidence, Welfare improvement can reverse the negative effects of Demographic pressure as well as act as an amplifier for the role of environmental improvement. Doi: 10.28991/HEF-2024-05-01-03 Full Text: PDF