Producing international students: Migration management and the making of population categories

IF 3.6 3区 社会学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY
Sophie Cranston, James Esson
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Abstract

International student mobilities (ISM) is an important but increasingly complex and controversial topic. Politically, the contested nature of international student mobilities is driven by the confluence of immigration policies, increasing demand for global education, and new higher education funding imperatives. Academically, international student mobilities is a key field of study which intersects with three subdisciplines of geography: political, population and social. Our intervention reveals, for the first time, how current UK migration management policies are actively ‘producing’ the international student as a population category. We illustrate the effects of this production through its operationalisation into universities and everyday student lives. We achieve this by developing an analytical framework informed by theorisations of ‘dynamic nominalism’, which is complemented by data from semi-structured interviews and policy documents. Our findings uncover the existence of multiple populations within the international student category, exposing the inherent complexities, hierarchies of privilege and contradictions therein. Notably, we identify a conceptual and empirical distinction between those produced as ‘international students’ based on their visa, and those produced as ‘international students’ via their tuition fee status. The implications of this intervention are important for the contentious landscape of higher education and immigration policy because the paper challenges assumptions about, and raises ethical questions regarding the treatment of, the ‘international student’. Our analytical framework also has wider applicability beyond the subject of ISM, through its potential to aid geographers, and those in cognate disciplines, concerned with addressing fundamental questions about how and why categories are produced and the consequences of this production.

Abstract Image

Abstract Image

培养留学生:移民管理与人口类别的形成
国际学生流动(ISM)是一个重要的话题,但也是一个日益复杂和充满争议的话题。在政治上,移民政策、对全球教育日益增长的需求以及新的高等教育资金需求等因素交织在一起,推动了留学生流动的争议性。在学术上,留学生流动是一个重要的研究领域,与地理学的三个分支学科--政治学、人口学和社会学--相互交叉。我们的研究首次揭示了英国当前的移民管理政策是如何积极 "制造 "留学生这一人口类别的。我们通过在大学和学生日常生活中的实际操作来说明这种生产的影响。为此,我们建立了一个以 "动态唯名论 "为理论基础的分析框架,并辅以半结构式访谈和政策文件中的数据。我们的研究结果揭示了留学生类别中存在的多重人群,暴露了其中固有的复杂性、特权等级和矛盾。值得注意的是,我们从概念和经验上区分了以签证为基础的 "国际学生 "和以学费身份为基础的 "国际学生"。这一干预措施对高等教育和移民政策的争议前景具有重要意义,因为本文挑战了有关 "国际学生 "的假设,并提出了有关对待 "国际学生 "的伦理问题。我们的分析框架还具有超越国际学生管理学科的广泛适用性,因为它有可能帮助地理学家和同类学科的研究人员解决有关类别如何、为何产生以及产生后果的基本问题。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
3.30%
发文量
69
期刊介绍: The Geographical Journal has been the academic journal of the Royal Geographical Society, under the terms of the Royal Charter, since 1893. It publishes papers from across the entire subject of geography, with particular reference to public debates, policy-orientated agendas.
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