{"title":"Eutrophication of Inland Surface Waters in South Africa: An Overview","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s41742-024-00568-8","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <p>Eutrophication of fresh waterbodies is a global phenomenon that is exacerbated by increases in agricultural activities, industrialization, and urbanization, all driven by the global increase in human population. This paper reviews the state of inland waterbodies in South Africa, identifying the major drivers of eutrophication and discussing how different sectors of the economy are negatively impacted by eutrophication. Data indicate that up to 76% of major water impoundments and approximately 70% of major river systems are eutrophic to hypereutrophic and experience protracted periods of cyanobacterial blooms, particularly in the summer months. Negative impacts of eutrophication on the agricultural sector, potable water supply and tourism are well documented and are becoming more explicit. Evidently, nutrient loading patterns into water bodies have changed and become more complex. Although wastewater treatment plants remain the major contributors of nutrient loads to most waterbodies, non-point sources including agricultural runoff, untreated sewage from leaking and overflowing sewer systems, as well as runoff from informal settlements, also make substantial contributions. As a result, the strategies employed to prevent eutrophication, including within-waterbody remediation programs have fallen short in reducing the trophic status of water impoundments and thus ameliorating the symptoms of eutrophication. Tailor-made, integrated management initiatives that target point source, non-point source, and internal nutrient loads are, therefore, required.</p>","PeriodicalId":14121,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Environmental Research","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41742-024-00568-8","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Eutrophication of fresh waterbodies is a global phenomenon that is exacerbated by increases in agricultural activities, industrialization, and urbanization, all driven by the global increase in human population. This paper reviews the state of inland waterbodies in South Africa, identifying the major drivers of eutrophication and discussing how different sectors of the economy are negatively impacted by eutrophication. Data indicate that up to 76% of major water impoundments and approximately 70% of major river systems are eutrophic to hypereutrophic and experience protracted periods of cyanobacterial blooms, particularly in the summer months. Negative impacts of eutrophication on the agricultural sector, potable water supply and tourism are well documented and are becoming more explicit. Evidently, nutrient loading patterns into water bodies have changed and become more complex. Although wastewater treatment plants remain the major contributors of nutrient loads to most waterbodies, non-point sources including agricultural runoff, untreated sewage from leaking and overflowing sewer systems, as well as runoff from informal settlements, also make substantial contributions. As a result, the strategies employed to prevent eutrophication, including within-waterbody remediation programs have fallen short in reducing the trophic status of water impoundments and thus ameliorating the symptoms of eutrophication. Tailor-made, integrated management initiatives that target point source, non-point source, and internal nutrient loads are, therefore, required.
期刊介绍：
International Journal of Environmental Research is a multidisciplinary journal concerned with all aspects of environment. In pursuit of these, environmentalist disciplines are invited to contribute their knowledge and experience. International Journal of Environmental Research publishes original research papers, research notes and reviews across the broad field of environment. These include but are not limited to environmental science, environmental engineering, environmental management and planning and environmental design, urban and regional landscape design and natural disaster management. Thus high quality research papers or reviews dealing with any aspect of environment are welcomed. Papers may be theoretical, interpretative or experimental.
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