Liquefaction-induced ground and building interactions in İskenderun from the 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquake sequence

IF 3.1 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Earthquake Spectra Pub Date : 2024-03-07 DOI:10.1177/87552930241232994

Diane M Moug, Jonathan D Bray, Patrick Bassal, Jorge Macedo, Kristin Ulmer, K Önder Cetin, Sena Begüm Kendır, Arda Şahin, Cody Arnold, Murat Bikçe

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Significant and widespread liquefaction occurred in İskenderun during the 2023 moment magnitude (Mw) 7.8 Kahramanmaraş earthquake. Liquefaction effects on buildings were observed in several areas of İskenderun, predominantly in areas of reclaimed land and near historic shorelines. Liquefaction-induced building settlements were particularly concentrated in the Çay District, which is almost entirely reclaimed land. Liquefaction-induced ground and building settlements were either marginal or not apparent in areas away from the historical shorelines. Building settlement and ground deformation were documented at 26 buildings in İskenderun through lidar scans and laser-level hand measurements. Liquefaction-induced building settlements ranged from 0 to 740 mm. Building-ground interactions were evident from hogging ground deformations, including cases where buildings deformed nearby ground and damaged nearby buildings, and sagging buildings. Historic land development affected the spatial extent of observed liquefaction-induced building damage. Representative liquefaction-induced building settlement and building interaction case histories are discussed and key insights are shared.

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2023 年卡赫拉曼马拉什地震序列在伊斯肯德伦引发的液化诱发的地面和建筑物相互作用

在 2023 年发生的矩震级 (Mw) 7.8 级卡赫拉曼马拉什地震中，伊斯肯德伦发生了严重和大范围的液化现象。在伊斯肯德伦的一些地区，主要是在开垦地和历史海岸线附近，观察到了液化对建筑物的影响。地震引起的建筑物沉降尤其集中在 Çay 区，该区几乎全部是开垦地。在远离历史海岸线的地区，液化引起的地面沉降和建筑物沉降要么很轻微，要么不明显。通过激光雷达扫描和激光水平仪测量，记录了伊斯肯德伦 26 座建筑物的沉降和地面变形情况。液化引起的建筑物沉降范围从 0 到 740 毫米不等。建筑物与地面之间的相互作用从地面变形中显而易见，包括建筑物使附近地面变形并损坏附近建筑物以及建筑物下陷等情况。历史上的土地开发影响了观测到的液化诱发的建筑物损坏的空间范围。本文讨论了具有代表性的液化诱发建筑物沉降和建筑物相互作用案例，并分享了主要见解。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Earthquake Spectra 工程技术-工程：地质

CiteScore

8.40

自引率

12.00%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Earthquake Spectra, the professional peer-reviewed journal of the Earthquake Engineering Research Institute (EERI), serves as the publication of record for the development of earthquake engineering practice, earthquake codes and regulations, earthquake public policy, and earthquake investigation reports. The journal is published quarterly in both printed and online editions in February, May, August, and November, with additional special edition issues. EERI established Earthquake Spectra with the purpose of improving the practice of earthquake hazards mitigation, preparedness, and recovery — serving the informational needs of the diverse professionals engaged in earthquake risk reduction: civil, geotechnical, mechanical, and structural engineers; geologists, seismologists, and other earth scientists; architects and city planners; public officials; social scientists; and researchers.