How much does immigration contribute to national poverty rates? A decomposition analysis for 17 European welfare states

IF 3.2 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Socio-Economic Review Pub Date : 2024-03-07 DOI:10.1093/ser/mwae012

David de Smalen, Jan Van Bavel, Wim Van Lancker

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Over the past decades, many European welfare states failed to reduce poverty. We examine two coinciding trends: the inability to lower poverty rates, and the growth of immigrant populations. Immigrants have become the main contributor to population growth in Europe and have higher poverty risks than natives. This contribution quantifies to what extent national poverty rates were driven by population change. We present a Kitagawa–Blinder–Oaxaca decomposition of national poverty rates in 17 western European countries between 2005 and 2019 using EU-SILC data. The effect of shifting EU and non-EU immigrant populations on poverty rates is heterogeneous: while poverty in some countries increased substantially due to compositional changes, for the majority the effect was small or negligible, including in countries with above-average growth of foreign-born populations. Overall, in two-thirds of country–years changes in the population composition were not the main driver of national poverty rates.

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移民对国家贫困率的影响有多大？对 17 个欧洲福利国家的分解分析

过去几十年来，许多欧洲福利国家都未能减少贫困。我们研究了两个同时出现的趋势：无法降低贫困率，以及移民人口的增长。移民已成为欧洲人口增长的主要贡献者，其贫困风险高于本地人。本文量化了人口变化对国家贫困率的影响程度。我们利用欧盟-SILC 数据对 2005 年至 2019 年间 17 个西欧国家的国家贫困率进行了北川-布林德-瓦哈卡分解。欧盟和非欧盟移民人口的变化对贫困率的影响是不同的：虽然一些国家的贫困率因人口构成的变化而大幅上升，但对大多数国家来说，这种影响很小或可以忽略不计，包括外国出生人口增长高于平均水平的国家。总体而言，在三分之二的国家年中，人口构成的变化并不是国家贫困率的主要驱动因素。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Socio-Economic Review Multiple-

CiteScore

6.80

自引率

10.80%

发文量

期刊介绍： Originating in the Society for the Advancement of Socio-Economics (SASE), Socio-Economic Review (SER) is part of a broader movement in the social sciences for the rediscovery of the socio-political foundations of the economy. Devoted to the advancement of socio-economics, it deals with the analytical, political and moral questions arising at the intersection between economy and society. Articles in SER explore how the economy is or should be governed by social relations, institutional rules, political decisions, and cultural values. They also consider how the economy in turn affects the society of which it is part, for example by breaking up old institutional forms and giving rise to new ones. The domain of the journal is deliberately broadly conceived, so new variations to its general theme may be discovered and editors can learn from the papers that readers submit. To enhance international dialogue, Socio-Economic Review accepts the submission of translated articles that are simultaneously published in a language other than English. In pursuit of its program, SER is eager to promote interdisciplinary dialogue between sociology, economics, political science and moral philosophy, through both empirical and theoretical work. Empirical papers may be qualitative as well as quantitative, and theoretical papers will not be confined to deductive model-building. Papers suggestive of more generalizable insights into the economy as a domain of social action will be preferred over narrowly specialized work. While firmly committed to the highest standards of scholarly excellence, Socio-Economic Review encourages discussion of the practical and ethical dimensions of economic action, with the intention to contribute to both the advancement of social science and the building of a good economy in a good society.