Localization of light in three dimensions: A mobility edge in the imaginary axis in non-Hermitian Hamiltonians

IF 1.8 4区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

EPL Pub Date : 2024-01-24 DOI:10.1209/0295-5075/ad222c

Giuseppe Luca Celardo, Mattia Angeli, Francesco Mattiotti, Robin Kaiser

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Abstract Searching for Anderson localization of light in three dimensions has challenged experimental and theoretical research for the last decades. Here the problem is analyzed through large scale numerical simulations, using a radiative Hamiltonian i.e. a non-Hermitian long-range hopping Hamiltonian, well suited to model light-matter interaction in cold atomic clouds. Light interaction in atomic clouds is considered in presence of positional and diagonal disorder. Due to the interplay of disorder and cooperative effects (sub- and super-radiance) a novel type of localization transition is shown to emerge, differing in several aspects from standard localization transitions which occur along the real energy axis. The localization transition discussed here is characterized by a mobility edge along the imaginary energy axis of the eigenvalues which is mostly independent from the real energy value of the eigenmodes. Differently from usual mobility edges it separates extended states from hybrid localized states and it manifest itself in the large moments of the participation ratio of the eigenstates. Our prediction of a mobility edge in the imaginary axis, i.e. depending on the eigenmode lifetime, paves the way to achieve control both in the time and space domain of open quantum systems.

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光在三维空间中的定位：非ermitian Hamiltonians 中虚轴的流动边缘

摘要过去几十年来，寻找光在三维空间中的安德森定位一直是实验和理论研究的挑战。这里通过大规模数值模拟分析了这一问题，使用的是辐射哈密顿，即非赫米特长程跳跃哈密顿，非常适合模拟冷原子云中的光物质相互作用。原子云中的光相互作用是在存在位置无序和对角无序的情况下考虑的。由于无序和合作效应（次辐射和超辐射）的相互作用，出现了一种新型的局域化转变，与沿着实能轴发生的标准局域化转变有多方面的不同。这里讨论的定位转换的特点是沿着特征值虚能轴的流动边缘，它在很大程度上与特征模式的实能值无关。与通常的流动边缘不同，它将扩展态与混合局部化态区分开来，并表现为特征状态参与比的大矩。我们对虚轴上的流动边缘（即取决于特征模寿命）的预测，为实现开放量子系统的时域和空域控制铺平了道路。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

EPL 物理-物理：综合

CiteScore

3.30

自引率

5.60%

发文量

332

审稿时长

1.9 months

期刊介绍： General physics – physics of elementary particles and fields – nuclear physics – atomic, molecular and optical physics – classical areas of phenomenology – physics of gases, plasmas and electrical discharges – condensed matter – cross-disciplinary physics and related areas of science and technology. Letters submitted to EPL should contain new results, ideas, concepts, experimental methods, theoretical treatments, including those with application potential and be of broad interest and importance to one or several sections of the physics community. The presentation should satisfy the specialist, yet remain understandable to the researchers in other fields through a suitable, clearly written introduction and conclusion (if appropriate). EPL also publishes Comments on Letters previously published in the Journal.