An update on the formation in tobacco, toxicity and carcinogenicity of N'-nitrosonornicotine and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone.

IF 3.3 3区 医学 Q2 ONCOLOGY
Lisa A Peterson, Stephen B Stanfill, Stephen S Hecht
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The tobacco-specific nitrosamines N'-nitrosonornicotine (NNN) and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) are considered 'carcinogenic to humans' by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and are believed to be important in the carcinogenic effects of both smokeless tobacco and combusted tobacco products. This short review focuses on the results of recent studies on the formation of NNN and NNK in tobacco, and their carcinogenicity and toxicity in laboratory animals. New mechanistic insights are presented regarding the role of dissimilatory nitrate reductases in certain microorganisms involved in the conversion of nitrate to nitrite that leads to the formation of NNN and NNK during curing and processing of tobacco. Carcinogenicity studies of the enantiomers of the major NNK metabolite 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) and the enantiomers of NNN are reviewed. Recent toxicity studies of inhaled NNK and co-administration studies of NNK with formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acrolein and CO2, all of which occur in high concentrations in cigarette smoke, are discussed.

关于 N'-Nitrosonornicotine 和 4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-吡啶基)-1-丁酮在烟草中的形成、毒性和致癌性的最新情况。
国际癌症研究机构(IARC)认为烟草特有的亚硝胺 N'-nitrosonornicotine (NNN) 和 4-(甲基亚硝胺基)-1-(3-吡啶基)-1-丁酮 (NNK) 是 "人类致癌物",并认为它们在无烟烟草和燃烧烟草产品的致癌作用中起着重要作用。这篇简短的综述重点介绍了最近关于烟草中 NNN 和 NNK 的形成及其在实验室动物中的致癌性和毒性的研究结果。文中介绍了某些微生物中的硝酸还原酶在硝酸盐转化为亚硝酸盐过程中的作用,这种作用导致烟草在腌制和加工过程中形成 NNN 和 NNK。本文回顾了主要 NNK 代谢物 4-(甲基亚硝基氨基)-1-(3-吡啶基)-1-丁醇(NNAL)的对映体和 NNN 对映体的致癌性研究。讨论了最近对吸入 NNK 的毒性研究,以及 NNK 与甲醛、乙醛、丙烯醛和 CO2(所有这些物质在香烟烟雾中浓度都很高)的联合给药研究。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Carcinogenesis
Carcinogenesis 医学-肿瘤学
CiteScore
9.20
自引率
2.10%
发文量
95
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Carcinogenesis: Integrative Cancer Research is a multi-disciplinary journal that brings together all the varied aspects of research that will ultimately lead to the prevention of cancer in man. The journal publishes papers that warrant prompt publication in the areas of Biology, Genetics and Epigenetics (including the processes of promotion, progression, signal transduction, apoptosis, genomic instability, growth factors, cell and molecular biology, mutation, DNA repair, genetics, etc.), Cancer Biomarkers and Molecular Epidemiology (including genetic predisposition to cancer, and epidemiology), Inflammation, Microenvironment and Prevention (including molecular dosimetry, chemoprevention, nutrition and cancer, etc.), and Carcinogenesis (including oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in carcinogenesis, therapy resistance of solid tumors, cancer mouse models, apoptosis and senescence, novel therapeutic targets and cancer drugs).
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