Trends of type 2 diabetes with pulmonary tuberculosis patients,2013–2022, and changes after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic

IF 2.8 3区医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Tuberculosis Pub Date : 2024-02-27 DOI:10.1016/j.tube.2024.102499

Zijian Wang , Sheng Zhao , Aiping Zhang , Bin Quan, Chun Duan, Manman Liang, Janghua Yang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

To describe the trends of Type 2 Diabetes with Pulmonary Tuberculosis (T2DM-TB) patients from 2013 to 2022 and to investigate the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on glycemic control and associated factors in T2DM-TB.

Methods

In this population-based study of the First Affiliated Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College in China, we described the 10-year trends of patients diagnosed with T2DM-TB. We included patients diagnosed with TB, T2DM-TB and T2DM-TB patients for comparative analysis, aged 15 years or older. Data were missing, and both multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB patients and non-T2DM patients were excluded from our study.

Results

We pooled Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM) and Tuberculosis (TB) data from The First Affiliated Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College in China, gathered between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2022. The data included 14,227 T2DM patients, 6130 TB patients, and 982 T2DM-TB patients. During the past 10 years, the number of inpatients with TB decreased, while the number of patients with T2DM and T2DM-TB increased year by year. To rule out any influence factors, we analyzed the ratio of the three groups. The ratio of TB/T2DM decreased year by year (p < 0.05), while the ratio of TB-T2DM/TB increasing year by year (p = 0.008). During the COVID-19 epidemic period, there was no significant change in the ratio of TB-T2DM/T2DM (p = 0.156). There was no significant change in the proportion of male patients with TB and TB-T2DM (p = 0.325; p = 0.190), but the proportion of male patients with T2DM showed an increasing trend (p < 0.001). The average age of TB patients over the past 10 years was 54.5 ± 18.4 years and showed an increasing trend year by year (p < 0.001). However, there was no significant change in the age of T2DM or TB-T2DM patients (p = 0.064; p = 0.241). Patients data for the first (2013–2017) and the last (2018–2022) five years were compared. We found that the number of T2DM and TB-T2DM in the last five years was significantly higher than in the first five years, but the number of TB was significantly lower than in the first five years. There is a significant statistical difference in the proportion of TB/T2DM and TB-T2DM/TB, which is similar to the previous results. The average age (56.0 ± 17.6 years) of TB patients in the last five years is significantly higher than in the first five years (53.1 ± 18.9) (p < 0.001). The number of male patients with T2DM in the last five years is higher than that in the first five years, with significant difference (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

The trends of T2DM-TB among hospitalized TB patients have increased significantly over the past 10 years, which may be related to the increase in the number of T2DM cases. The COVID-19 pandemic has been effective in controlling the transmission of TB, but it has been detrimental to the control of T2DM. Male patients with T2DM and elderly TB patients are the key populations for future prevention and control efforts.

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肺结核患者 2 型糖尿病的发展趋势（2013-2022 年）及 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行后的变化

旨在描述2013年至2022年2型糖尿病合并肺结核（T2DM-TB）患者的趋势，并研究COVID-19锁定对T2DM-TB患者血糖控制及相关因素的影响。在中国皖南医学院第一附属骊山医院开展的这项基于人群的研究中，我们描述了确诊为 T2DM-TB 患者的 10 年趋势。我们纳入了年龄在 15 岁或以上的肺结核患者、T2DM-肺结核患者和 T2DM-TB 患者进行对比分析。数据缺失、耐多药（MDR）肺结核患者和非 T2DM 患者均未纳入我们的研究。我们汇总了中国皖南医学院第一附属骊山医院在 2013 年 1 月 1 日至 2022 年 12 月 31 日期间收集的 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）和肺结核（TB）数据。这些数据包括 14227 名 T2DM 患者、6130 名肺结核患者和 982 名 T2DM-TB 患者。在过去的 10 年中，结核病住院患者人数有所减少，而 T2DM 和 T2DM-TB 患者人数却逐年增加。为了排除任何影响因素，我们分析了三组患者的比例。TB/T2DM 的比例逐年下降（P < 0.05），而 TB-T2DM/TB 的比例逐年上升（P = 0.008）。在 COVID-19 流行期间，TB-T2DM/T2DM 的比例无明显变化（p = 0.156）。男性肺结核和 TB-T2DM 患者的比例无明显变化（p = 0.325；p = 0.190），但男性 T2DM 患者的比例呈上升趋势（p < 0.001）。在过去 10 年中，肺结核患者的平均年龄为（54.5 ± 18.4）岁，并呈逐年上升趋势（p < 0.001）。然而，T2DM 或 TB-T2DM 患者的年龄没有明显变化（p = 0.064；p = 0.241）。我们比较了第一个五年（2013-2017 年）和最后一个五年（2018-2022 年）的患者数据。我们发现，最近五年的 T2DM 和 TB-T2DM 患者数量明显高于前五年，但肺结核患者数量明显低于前五年。TB/T2DM 和 TB-T2DM/TB 的比例存在明显的统计学差异，这与之前的结果相似。最近五年肺结核患者的平均年龄（56.0 ± 17.6 岁）明显高于前五年（53.1 ± 18.9 岁）（P < 0.001）。最近五年 T2DM 男性患者人数高于前五年，差异显著（P < 0.001）。在过去 10 年中，住院结核病人中 T2DM-TB 的趋势明显增加，这可能与 T2DM 病例的增加有关。COVID-19 大流行有效地控制了结核病的传播，但却不利于 T2DM 的控制。男性 T2DM 患者和老年肺结核患者是未来防控工作的重点人群。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Tuberculosis 医学-呼吸系统

CiteScore

4.60

自引率

3.10%

发文量

审稿时长

49 days

期刊介绍： Tuberculosis is a speciality journal focusing on basic experimental research on tuberculosis, notably on bacteriological, immunological and pathogenesis aspects of the disease. The journal publishes original research and reviews on the host response and immunology of tuberculosis and the molecular biology, genetics and physiology of the organism, however discourages submissions with a meta-analytical focus (for example, articles based on searches of published articles in public electronic databases, especially where there is lack of evidence of the personal involvement of authors in the generation of such material). We do not publish Clinical Case-Studies. Areas on which submissions are welcomed include: -Clinical TrialsDiagnostics- Antimicrobial resistance- Immunology- Leprosy- Microbiology, including microbial physiology- Molecular epidemiology- Non-tuberculous Mycobacteria- Pathogenesis- Pathology- Vaccine development. This Journal does not accept case-reports. The resurgence of interest in tuberculosis has accelerated the pace of relevant research and Tuberculosis has grown with it, as the only journal dedicated to experimental biomedical research in tuberculosis.