Upcycling of Slags from Ferrovanadium Production as Low-Carbon Footprint Cement for Refractory Castables

IF 2.5 3区材料科学 Q3 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI:10.1007/s40831-024-00804-7

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Abstract

Cement industry is responsible for almost 7% of the total CO₂ emissions, where 60% of them are caused by the unavoidable CaCO₃ calcination to produce Ca-bearing cementitious phases. Meanwhile, steel industry requires substantial amounts of ferrovanadium (FeV), that is produced by aluminothermic reduction, generating calcium aluminate (CA)-rich slags. The FeV slags that are generated contain MgO that is partially or fully incorporated into magnesium aluminate spinel structure. CA phases and MA are the main mineralogical phases in calcium magnesium aluminate (CMA) cements. This makes the FeV by-products suitable alternatives of CMA cement while promoting industrial symbiosis. CMA cement, unlike Portland cement, can be the exact type of cement that is dedicated in high-temperature applications such refractory lining of steel ladles. In this publication, industrial FeV slags were size reduced to match CMA particle size distribution and evaluated as substitutes of commercial CMA cement used for alumina-spinel castables. The refractoriness experiments and the mechanical tests proved that the novel cements are efficient substitutes of CMA. The hydration and also the mechanical behavior of FeV slag-bonded castables is as sufficient as the CMA-bonded castables.

Graphical Abstract

Abstract Image

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将钒铁生产产生的炉渣作为低碳足迹水泥用于耐火浇注料的升级再利用

摘要水泥工业的二氧化碳排放量几乎占总排放量的 7%，其中 60%是由不可避免的 CaCO3 煅烧产生含 Ca 的胶凝阶段造成的。同时，钢铁工业需要大量的钒铁（FeV），钒铁通过铝热还原产生富含铝酸钙（CA）的炉渣。生成的钒铁渣含有氧化镁，氧化镁部分或全部融入铝酸镁尖晶石结构中。CA 相和 MA 是镁铝酸钙（CMA）水泥中的主要矿物相。这使得 FeV 副产品成为 CMA 水泥的合适替代品，同时促进了工业共生。与波特兰水泥不同，CMA 水泥是一种专门用于高温应用（如钢包耐火衬里）的水泥。在这篇论文中，工业铁钒渣的粒度被减小到与 CMA 的粒度分布相匹配，并被评估为用于氧化铝-尖晶石浇注料的商用 CMA 水泥的替代品。耐火度实验和机械测试证明，新型水泥是 CMA 的有效替代品。铁钒渣结合浇注料的水化和机械性能与 CMA 结合浇注料相同。图表摘要

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来源期刊

Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy Materials Science-Metals and Alloys

CiteScore

4.00

自引率

12.50%

发文量

151

期刊介绍： Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy is dedicated to presenting metallurgical processes and related research aimed at improving the sustainability of metal-producing industries, with a particular emphasis on materials recovery, reuse, and recycling. Its editorial scope encompasses new techniques, as well as optimization of existing processes, including utilization, treatment, and management of metallurgically generated residues. Articles on non-technical barriers and drivers that can affect sustainability will also be considered.