Unprecedented Struggles: Preserving Last Rites as Human Rights During the Second Wave of COVID-19 in India

Abstract

In the dynamic landscape of pluralistic societies like India, where diverse religions and varying religious-cultural practices span across different regions, rites and rituals play a vital role in human civilization as expressions of cultural, religious, and social traditions. However, the far-reaching impact of the COVID-19 pandemic transcended religious and cultural boundaries, affecting individuals and families from diverse backgrounds, necessitating the adoption of specific positions to foster a scientific temperament. Despite this context, the recent COVID-19 pandemic in India witnessed the dishonoring of last rites for COVID-19 victims by the healthcare as well as administrative system, sparking profound questions about the treatment of the deceased and the collective conscience of humanity. Instances of dead bodies found floating in rivers highlighted the failure to provide minimum dignity to the departed. The Supreme Court emphasized the government’s responsibility to ensure proper last rites according to respective religions, yet recurrent failures have been evident. In this article, we explore the ethical, moral, and practical dimensions surrounding the violation of last rites during India’s deadly second wave of the pandemic in 2021, reflecting on the balance between public health considerations and respecting religious and cultural practices that bring solace and closure to bereaved families. This prompts the authors to reflect on the need for proactive measures, increased coordination, and resource allocation during crises. Addressing last rites violations requires both government and public involvement, and the proposed strategies for collaboration include guidelines for safe and respectful rituals during crises, awareness campaigns, and partnerships between religious and scientific communities. By engaging stakeholders and fostering dialogue, a framework that upholds the dignity of the deceased while safeguarding public health can be established. Additionally, this article delves into the health implications and ecological concerns linked to the improper disposal of dead bodies, which pose serious risks and contaminate water sources, endangering public health. Through a comprehensive analysis, this work sheds light on the violation of last rites during the COVID-19 pandemic in India, contributing to the ongoing discourse on maintaining dignity during crises, enhancing pandemic preparedness, and navigating public health challenges.