A Tutorial on Environment-Aware Communications via Channel Knowledge Map for 6G

IF 34.4 1区计算机科学 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS

IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials Pub Date : 2024-02-09 DOI:10.1109/COMST.2024.3364508

Yong Zeng;Junting Chen;Jie Xu;Di Wu;Xiaoli Xu;Shi Jin;Xiqi Gao;David Gesbert;Shuguang Cui;Rui Zhang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Sixth-generation (6G) mobile communication networks are expected to have dense infrastructures, large antenna size, wide bandwidth, cost-effective hardware, diversified positioning methods, and enhanced intelligence. Such trends bring both new challenges and opportunities for the practical design of 6G. On one hand, acquiring channel state information (CSI) in real time for all wireless links becomes quite challenging in 6G. On the other hand, there would be numerous data sources in 6G containing high-quality location-tagged channel data, e.g., the estimated channels or beams between base station (BS) and user equipment (UE), making it possible to better learn the local wireless environment. By exploiting this new opportunity and for tackling the CSI acquisition challenge, there is a promising paradigm shift from the conventional environment-unaware communications to the new environment-aware communications based on the novel approach of channel knowledge map (CKM). This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview on environment-aware communications enabled by CKM to fully harness its benefits for 6G. First, the basic concept of CKM is presented, followed by the comparison of CKM with various existing channel inference techniques. Next, the main techniques for CKM construction are discussed, including both environment model-free and environment model-assisted approaches. Furthermore, a general framework is presented for the utilization of CKM to achieve environment-aware communications, followed by some typical CKM-aided communication scenarios. Finally, important open problems in CKM research are highlighted and potential solutions are discussed to inspire future work.

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通过 6G 信道知识图谱实现环境感知通信教程

第六代（6G）移动通信网络预计将拥有密集的基础设施、大尺寸天线、宽带宽、高性价比硬件、多样化定位方法和更高的智能。这些趋势为 6G 的实际设计带来了新的挑战和机遇。一方面，为所有无线链路实时获取信道状态信息（CSI）在 6G 中变得相当具有挑战性。另一方面，在 6G 中会有大量数据源包含高质量的位置标记信道数据，例如基站（BS）和用户设备（UE）之间的估计信道或波束，从而有可能更好地了解本地无线环境。通过利用这一新机会和应对 CSI 获取挑战，有望实现从传统环境感知通信到基于信道知识图（CKM）新方法的新型环境感知通信的范式转变。本文旨在全面概述由 CKM 实现的环境感知通信，以充分发挥其在 6G 中的优势。首先介绍了 CKM 的基本概念，然后比较了 CKM 与现有的各种信道推理技术。接下来，讨论了构建 CKM 的主要技术，包括无环境模型和有环境模型辅助的方法。此外，还提出了利用 CKM 实现环境感知通信的总体框架，并介绍了一些典型的 CKM 辅助通信场景。最后，强调了 CKM 研究中的重要开放问题，并讨论了潜在的解决方案，以启发未来的工作。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS-TELECOMMUNICATIONS

CiteScore

80.20

自引率

2.50%

发文量

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials is an online journal published by the IEEE Communications Society for tutorials and surveys covering all aspects of the communications field. Telecommunications technology is progressing at a rapid pace, and the IEEE Communications Society is committed to providing researchers and other professionals the information and tools to stay abreast. IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials focuses on integrating and adding understanding to the existing literature on communications, putting results in context. Whether searching for in-depth information about a familiar area or an introduction into a new area, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials aims to be the premier source of peer-reviewed, comprehensive tutorials and surveys, and pointers to further sources. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials publishes only articles exclusively written for IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials and go through a rigorous review process before their publication in the quarterly issues. A tutorial article in the IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials should be designed to help the reader to become familiar with and learn something specific about a chosen topic. In contrast, the term survey, as applied here, is defined to mean a survey of the literature. A survey article in IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials should provide a comprehensive review of developments in a selected area, covering its development from its inception to its current state and beyond, and illustrating its development through liberal citations from the literature. Both tutorials and surveys should be tutorial in nature and should be written in a style comprehensible to readers outside the specialty of the article.