A Survey of Beam Management for mmWave and THz Communications Towards 6G

IF 34.4 1区计算机科学 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS

IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials Pub Date : 2024-02-05 DOI:10.1109/COMST.2024.3361991

Qing Xue;Chengwang Ji;Shaodan Ma;Jiajia Guo;Yongjun Xu;Qianbin Chen;Wei Zhang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Communication in millimeter wave (mmWave) and even terahertz (THz) frequency bands is ushering in a new era of wireless communications. Beam management, namely initial access and beam tracking, has been recognized as an essential technique to ensure robust mmWave/THz communications, especially for mobile scenarios. However, narrow beams at higher carrier frequency lead to huge beam measurement overhead, which has a negative impact on beam acquisition and tracking. In addition, the beam management process is further complicated by the fluctuation of mmWave/THz channels, the random movement patterns of users, and the dynamic changes in the environment. For mmWave and THz communications toward 6G, we have witnessed a substantial increase in research and industrial attention on artificial intelligence (AI), reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), and integrated sensing and communications (ISAC). The introduction of these enabling technologies presents both open opportunities and unique challenges for beam management. In this paper, we present a comprehensive survey on mmWave and THz beam management. Further, we give some insights on technical challenges and future research directions in this promising area.

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面向 6G 的毫米波和太赫兹通信波束管理概览

毫米波（mmWave）甚至太赫兹（THz）频段的通信正在开创无线通信的新时代。波束管理，即初始接入和波束跟踪，已被公认为是确保毫米波/太赫兹通信（尤其是移动通信）稳健性的基本技术。然而，较高载波频率下的窄波束会导致巨大的波束测量开销，从而对波束获取和跟踪产生负面影响。此外，毫米波/太赫兹信道的波动、用户的随机移动模式以及环境的动态变化都会使波束管理过程变得更加复杂。对于迈向 6G 的毫米波和太赫兹通信，人工智能 (AI)、可重构智能表面 (RIS) 以及集成传感和通信 (ISAC) 等方面的研究和产业关注度大幅提高。这些使能技术的引入既为波束管理带来了机遇，也带来了独特的挑战。在本文中，我们对毫米波和太赫兹波束管理进行了全面研究。此外，我们还对这一前景广阔领域的技术挑战和未来研究方向提出了一些见解。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS-TELECOMMUNICATIONS

CiteScore

80.20

自引率

2.50%

发文量

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials is an online journal published by the IEEE Communications Society for tutorials and surveys covering all aspects of the communications field. Telecommunications technology is progressing at a rapid pace, and the IEEE Communications Society is committed to providing researchers and other professionals the information and tools to stay abreast. IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials focuses on integrating and adding understanding to the existing literature on communications, putting results in context. Whether searching for in-depth information about a familiar area or an introduction into a new area, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials aims to be the premier source of peer-reviewed, comprehensive tutorials and surveys, and pointers to further sources. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials publishes only articles exclusively written for IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials and go through a rigorous review process before their publication in the quarterly issues. A tutorial article in the IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials should be designed to help the reader to become familiar with and learn something specific about a chosen topic. In contrast, the term survey, as applied here, is defined to mean a survey of the literature. A survey article in IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials should provide a comprehensive review of developments in a selected area, covering its development from its inception to its current state and beyond, and illustrating its development through liberal citations from the literature. Both tutorials and surveys should be tutorial in nature and should be written in a style comprehensible to readers outside the specialty of the article.