Lead pollution impacts the dynamics and resolution of contests between the native Mexican mojarra and invasive convict cichlid

IF 1.9 2区 生物学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
Irma Inchaurregui, Hugo F. Olivares-Rubio, Elsah Arce, Luis M. Burciaga, M. Franco
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Both pollution and invasive species are threats for freshwater environments and their native ichthyofauna. The Mexican mojarra is the only cichlid fish species native to the Amacuzac River of central Mexico. Its habitat has been modified by the presence of invasive cichlid fishes, such as the convict cichlid, and by the presence of heavy metals such as lead. Since pollutants may affect invasive and native species differently, the combined effects of these two threats on native fish are not easily predictable and may be synergistic. We evaluated the effects of Pb exposure on interspecific contest dynamics and resolution between juvenile Mexican mojarras and convict cichlids. We performed ten interspecific contests between native and invasive cichlid at an environmentally relevant water concentration of Pb (38.2 µg L−1) in three phases: Pb absence, Pb exposure, and Pb depuration, as well as ten interspecific control contests without Pb. The Mexican mojarra consistently won the contests, regardless of Pb exposure, showing no differences in contest resolution between the Pb group and control group. The presence of Pb increased the number of aggressions in convict cichlids but reduced them in the Mexican mojarra, and contest duration decreased in the Pb exposure relative to the control group. However, these differences were not maintained during the Pb depuration period. Thus, we found effects of Pb on the agonistic interactions between the native Mexican mojarra and the invasive convict cichlid. Other invasive cichlid fishes and pollutants deserve attention in the context of the conservation of the Amacuzac River and its native ichthyofauna.

Significance statement

Native cichlid Mexican mojarra have been negatively affected by the introduction of the invasive convict cichlid and by the presence of heavy metals such as lead (Pb). Here, we evaluated the effects of Pb exposure on contest dynamics and outcome between Mexican mojarras and convict cichlids. Pb did modify the contest dynamics, augmenting the aggression in the Mexican mojarra and reducing fight duration. Our results show that invasive species may be favored in contaminated environments and that native species are more sensitive to pollution, further increasing their vulnerability to biological invasions.

Abstract Image

铅污染影响墨西哥原生鲯鳅与外来入侵的定罪慈鲷之间的竞争动态和解决方法
摘要污染和入侵物种都是淡水环境及其本地鱼类的威胁。墨西哥蓑鲉是墨西哥中部阿马库扎克河唯一的原生慈鲷鱼种。由于入侵慈鲷(如罪犯慈鲷)和重金属(如铅)的存在,它的栖息地发生了改变。由于污染物对入侵物种和本地物种的影响可能不同,这两种威胁对本地鱼类的综合影响不易预测,而且可能会产生协同效应。我们评估了铅暴露对墨西哥鲯鳅幼鱼和厥鲤之间种间竞争动态和解决能力的影响。我们在环境相关的铅水浓度(38.2 µg L-1)下,分三个阶段在本地慈鲷和外来慈鲷之间进行了十次种间竞争:同时还进行了十次不含铅含量的种间对照竞赛。无论暴露于何种铅,墨西哥麋鹿在竞赛中始终获胜,铅暴露组与对照组在竞赛分辨率上没有差异。铅的存在增加了定罪慈鲷的攻击次数,但减少了墨西哥胭脂鱼的攻击次数,与对照组相比,暴露于铅的墨西哥胭脂鱼的竞赛持续时间缩短。然而,这些差异在铅消除期并没有得到维持。因此,我们发现铅对本地墨西哥鲯鳅和外来入侵的定罪慈鲷之间的激动互动有影响。在保护阿马库扎克河及其本地鱼类区系的背景下,其他入侵慈鲷鱼类和污染物值得关注。意义声明墨西哥原生慈鲷受到入侵厥慈鲷和铅(Pb)等重金属的负面影响。在此,我们评估了铅暴露对墨西哥鲯鳅和厥鳅之间的竞争动态和结果的影响。铅确实改变了竞争动态,增强了墨西哥驼鸟的攻击性并缩短了搏斗时间。我们的研究结果表明,入侵物种在受污染的环境中可能会受到青睐,而本地物种对污染更加敏感,从而进一步增加了它们遭受生物入侵的可能性。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.90
自引率
8.70%
发文量
146
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: The journal publishes reviews, original contributions and commentaries dealing with quantitative empirical and theoretical studies in the analysis of animal behavior at the level of the individual, group, population, community, and species.
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