Grooming reciprocity in Geoffroy’s spider monkeys, and the influence of the opportunity of interaction

IF 1.9 2区 生物学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
Fabrizio Dell’Anna, Filippo Aureli, Juliane Damm, Gabriele Schino
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Abstract

Reciprocity allows animals to balance the costs and benefits of cooperative interactions by switching roles over time. Reciprocity can be based on two different processes: a within-dyad process based on temporal relations between cooperative events (partner control) and an across-dyad process based on preferences for the most cooperative partners (partner choice). The relative roles of the two processes remain debated. The aim of our study was to assess how the opportunity of interaction modulates grooming reciprocity in wild Geoffroy’s spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi), a species with low grooming rates and variable opportunities for group members to interact due to a high degree of fission-fusion dynamics. We investigated the roles of the aforementioned processes in grooming reciprocity, and the factors affecting them. Receiving grooming increased the probability of immediately returning grooming to the same partner (within-dyad temporal relations between cooperative events). In contrast, we found no evidence that spider monkeys directed most of their grooming to those individuals from which they received most grooming during the entire study period (across-dyad preferences for the most cooperative partners). The probability of returning grooming to the same partner was higher for dyads that spent less time together in the same subgroup, but was unaffected by maternal kinship. Our results suggest the opportunity to interact is a potent modulator of reciprocity. In species characterized by a high degree of fission-fusion dynamics and low grooming rates, short-term reciprocation based on partner control can be favored at the expense of a longer-term process based on partner choice.

Abstract Image

杰弗里蜘蛛猴的互惠性和互动机会的影响
互惠使动物能够通过随时间转换角色来平衡合作互动的成本和收益。互惠可以基于两个不同的过程:一个是基于合作事件之间时间关系的 "日内过程"(伙伴控制),另一个是基于对最合作的伙伴的偏好的 "跨日过程"(伙伴选择)。这两个过程的相对作用仍存在争议。我们的研究旨在评估互动机会如何调节野生杰弗里蛛猴(Ateles geoffroyi)的理毛互惠性。我们研究了上述过程在理毛互惠中的作用及其影响因素。我们发现,在合作事件中,接受梳理会增加立即向同一伙伴返回梳理的概率(合作事件之间的种内时间关系)。与此相反,我们没有发现任何证据表明,蜘蛛猴在整个研究期间会将其大部分梳理行为指向那些它们从其身上获得最多梳理行为的个体(跨巢群对最合作同伴的偏好)。在同一亚群中,相处时间较短的二人组向同一伙伴返回梳理的概率较高,但不受母系亲缘关系的影响。我们的研究结果表明,互动机会是互惠的一个有效调节器。在以高度裂变融合动态和低疏导率为特征的物种中,以伴侣控制为基础的短期互惠可能比以伴侣选择为基础的长期互惠更有利。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.90
自引率
8.70%
发文量
146
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: The journal publishes reviews, original contributions and commentaries dealing with quantitative empirical and theoretical studies in the analysis of animal behavior at the level of the individual, group, population, community, and species.
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