Adam M Berlijn, Dana M Huvermann, Sandra Schneider, Christian Bellebaum, Dagmar Timmann, Martina Minnerop, Jutta Peterburs
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
This review aimed to systematically identify and comprehensively review the role of the cerebellum in performance monitoring, focusing on learning from and on processing of external feedback in non-motor learning. While 1078 articles were screened for eligibility, ultimately 36 studies were included in which external feedback was delivered in cognitive tasks and which referenced the cerebellum. These included studies in patient populations with cerebellar damage and studies in healthy subjects applying neuroimaging. Learning performance in patients with different cerebellar diseases was heterogeneous, with only about half of all patients showing alterations. One patient study using EEG demonstrated that damage to the cerebellum was associated with altered neural processing of external feedback. Studies assessing brain activity with task-based fMRI or PET and one resting-state functional imaging study that investigated connectivity changes following feedback-based learning in healthy participants revealed involvement particularly of lateral and posterior cerebellar regions in processing of and learning from external feedback. Cerebellar involvement was found at different stages, e.g., during feedback anticipation and following the onset of the feedback stimuli, substantiating the cerebellum's relevance for different aspects of performance monitoring such as feedback prediction. Future research will need to further elucidate precisely how, where, and when the cerebellum modulates the prediction and processing of external feedback information, which cerebellar subregions are particularly relevant, and to what extent cerebellar diseases alter these processes.
本综述旨在系统识别和全面评述小脑在成绩监测中的作用,重点关注非运动学习中外部反馈的学习和处理。在对1078篇文章进行资格筛选后,最终有36项研究被纳入其中,这些研究在认知任务中提供了外部反馈,并提到了小脑。这些研究包括对小脑受损患者群体的研究和对健康受试者应用神经影像学的研究。不同小脑疾病患者的学习成绩参差不齐,只有约半数患者的学习成绩有所改变。一项利用脑电图对患者进行的研究表明,小脑受损与外部反馈的神经处理发生改变有关。利用基于任务的 fMRI 或 PET 对大脑活动进行评估的研究,以及一项调查健康参与者在基于反馈的学习后连接性变化的静息态功能成像研究显示,小脑外侧和后部区域尤其参与了外部反馈的处理和学习。小脑在不同阶段都有参与,例如在反馈预测期间和反馈刺激开始后,这证实了小脑与反馈预测等成绩监测的不同方面有关。未来的研究将需要进一步准确阐明小脑如何、在何处以及何时调节对外部反馈信息的预测和处理,哪些小脑亚区特别相关,以及小脑疾病在多大程度上改变了这些过程。
期刊介绍:
Official publication of the Society for Research on the Cerebellum devoted to genetics of cerebellar ataxias, role of cerebellum in motor control and cognitive function, and amid an ageing population, diseases associated with cerebellar dysfunction.
The Cerebellum is a central source for the latest developments in fundamental neurosciences including molecular and cellular biology; behavioural neurosciences and neurochemistry; genetics; fundamental and clinical neurophysiology; neurology and neuropathology; cognition and neuroimaging.
The Cerebellum benefits neuroscientists in molecular and cellular biology; neurophysiologists; researchers in neurotransmission; neurologists; radiologists; paediatricians; neuropsychologists; students of neurology and psychiatry and others.