The effects of land-use change on semi-aquatic bugs (Gerromorpha, Hemiptera) in rainforest streams in Sabah, Malaysia

IF 2.8 2区 生物学 Q2 ECOLOGY
Martina F. Harianja, Edgar C. Turner, Holly Barclay, Vun K. Chey, David C. Aldridge, William A. Foster, Sarah H. Luke
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Abstract

Abstract Image

土地使用变化对马来西亚沙巴州雨林溪流中半水生昆虫(Gerromorpha,半翅目)的影响
1 引言 自 20 世纪 60 年代以来,由于人类的影响,溪流已成为地球上最受威胁的栖息地之一(Dudgeon 等人,2006 年;Reid 等人,2019 年)。土地利用和气候变化、引进物种、过度捕捞、水坝建设和渠道化、污染物和微塑料污染都是溪流生态系统面临的主要威胁(Allan,2004 年;Hester &amp; Gooseff,2010 年;Reid 等人,2019 年)。在集水区范围内,将森林转用于伐木和农业会造成侵蚀、沉积,并通过地表、地下和地下水径流的污染物输入改变溪流的营养循环(Hancock,2002 年;Sidle 等人,2006 年;Syers,1979 年)。这反过来又减少了许多溪流栖息类群的多样性或丰度,原因是失去了栖息地和食物供应(如落叶),以及水温升高、营养物和其他污染物浓度增加(Chopra 等人,2011 年;Lima 等人,1979 年)、河岸栖息地和溪流本身的变化所产生的更局部规模的影响也会直接影响溪流群落和条件。例如,在溪流边缘种植作物会降低河岸稳定性和河岸生境的复杂性,施用杀虫剂和化肥会增加溪流的化学输入(Corbacho 等人,2003 年;Tanaka 等人,2021 年;Wantzen &amp; Mol,2013 年)。溪流周围树木植被的丧失也会减少遮荫,导致水温升高,从而改变水生物种的生长、存活和繁殖(Sweeney,1993 年)。相反,维护溪流边的林缘等做法可以缓冲溪流内的微气候条件、稳定河岸并过滤周围农业景观中的营养物质(Luke 等人,2019 年)。林缘还可通过落在水中的枯叶、木材和陆生动物等异源输入为水生物种提供资源(Chellaiah &amp; Yule, 2018; Tank et al.)在东南亚,自 20 世纪 80 年代以来,伐木和森林转为农业用途(如油棕种植园)的规模显著扩大(Gibbs 等人,2010 年;Pendrill 等人,2022 年)。森林转为油棕榈种植已导致许多分类群的丰富度和丰度下降(Meijaard 等人,2020 年),生物量减少(例如,Turner &amp; Foster, 2009 年),物种组成改变(Savilaakso 等人,2014 年)。尽管已知陆地环境会受到影响,水道也可能受到影响,但评估土地利用变化对东南亚淡水生态系统影响的研究相对较少(Dudgeon 等人,2006 年;van Klink 等人,2021 年)。然而,为数不多的研究表明,许多与淡水系统相关的森林物种会在栖息地改变后消失(Kano 等人,2019 年;Konopik 等人,2015 年;Luke、Dow 等人,2017 年;Mercer 等人,2014 年)。考虑到东南亚高度的生物多样性(Myers等人,2000年)以及大量易受环境变化影响的淡水物种(Strayer &amp; Dudgeon, 2010年),该地区急需更多有关人类驱动的土地改造影响的证据。一般来说,它们在整个生命周期中都在水面上活动(Andersen, 1982),以各种水生和陆生物种为食,也被它们所食(Foster &amp; Treherne, 1981; Spence &amp; Andersen, 1994; Zimmermann &amp; Spence, 1989)。这种适应性使这类动物很容易受到水体和周围集水区及河岸环境变化的影响。例如,水污染导致的表面张力变化会影响半水栖昆虫在水面上的活动,降低它们捕捉猎物和躲避捕食者的能力(Hall 等人,1985 年)。森林砍伐也可能会减少该类中某些物种产卵基质的垃圾供应(Bush &amp; Hu, 2005; Sweeney, 1993),并减少虫子的猎物数量(Ceneviva-Bastos &amp; Casatti, 2014)。其他地区的研究发现,半水栖昆虫对生境变化很敏感。例如,在巴西亚马逊河流域进行的研究发现,森林转换后,农业区半水栖昆虫的丰富度较低(Cunha 等人,2015 年;Cunha &amp; Juen,2017 年),而在边缘森林被砍伐的巴西热带稀树草原溪流中,半水栖昆虫的群落结构也发生了变化(Dias-Silva, Brasil, Veloso, 等人,2020 年)。
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来源期刊
Freshwater Biology
Freshwater Biology 生物-海洋与淡水生物学
CiteScore
5.90
自引率
3.70%
发文量
162
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Freshwater Biology publishes papers on all aspects of the ecology of inland waters, including rivers and lakes, ground waters, flood plains and other freshwater wetlands. We include studies of micro-organisms, algae, macrophytes, invertebrates, fish and other vertebrates, as well as those concerning whole systems and related physical and chemical aspects of the environment, provided that they have clear biological relevance. Studies may focus at any level in the ecological hierarchy from physiological ecology and animal behaviour, through population dynamics and evolutionary genetics, to community interactions, biogeography and ecosystem functioning. They may also be at any scale: from microhabitat to landscape, and continental to global. Preference is given to research, whether meta-analytical, experimental, theoretical or descriptive, highlighting causal (ecological) mechanisms from which clearly stated hypotheses are derived. Manuscripts with an experimental or conceptual flavour are particularly welcome, as are those or which integrate laboratory and field work, and studies from less well researched areas of the world. Priority is given to submissions that are likely to interest a wide range of readers. We encourage submission of papers well grounded in ecological theory that deal with issues related to the conservation and management of inland waters. Papers interpreting fundamental research in a way that makes clear its applied, strategic or socio-economic relevance are also welcome. Review articles (FRESHWATER BIOLOGY REVIEWS) and discussion papers (OPINION) are also invited: these enable authors to publish high-quality material outside the constraints of standard research papers.
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