A New Strategy for the Regulation of Neuroinflammation: Exosomes Derived from Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

IF 3.6 4区医学 Q3 CELL BIOLOGY

Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-02-19 DOI:10.1007/s10571-024-01460-x

Ying Ge, Jingjing Wu, Li Zhang, Nanqu Huang, Yong Luo

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Abstract

Neuroinflammation is an important pathogenesis of neurological diseases and causes a series of physiopathological changes, such as abnormal activation of glial cells, neuronal degeneration and death, and disruption of the blood‒brain barrier. Therefore, modulating inflammation may be an important therapeutic tool for treating neurological diseases. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), as pluripotent stem cells, have great therapeutic potential for neurological diseases due to their regenerative ability, immunity, and ability to regulate inflammation. However, recent studies have shown that MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) play a major role in this process and play a key role in neuroprotection by regulating neuroglia. This review summarizes the recent progress made in regulating neuroinflammation by focusing on the mechanisms by which MSC-Exos are involved in the regulation of glial cells through signaling pathways such as the TLR, NF-κB, MAPK, STAT, and NLRP3 pathways to provide some references for subsequent research and therapy.

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调节神经炎症的新策略：间充质干细胞提取的外泌体。

神经炎症是神经系统疾病的一个重要发病机制，会引起一系列生理病理变化，如神经胶质细胞异常活化、神经元变性和死亡、血脑屏障破坏等。因此，调节炎症可能是治疗神经系统疾病的重要手段。间充质干细胞（MSCs）作为多能干细胞，因其再生能力、免疫力和调节炎症的能力，对神经系统疾病具有巨大的治疗潜力。然而，最近的研究表明，间充质干细胞衍生的外泌体（MSC-Exos）在这一过程中扮演着重要角色，并通过调节神经胶质细胞在神经保护中发挥关键作用。本综述总结了最近在调节神经炎症方面取得的进展，重点探讨了间充质干细胞外泌体通过TLR、NF-κB、MAPK、STAT和NLRP3等信号通路参与调节神经胶质细胞的机制，为后续研究和治疗提供一些参考。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology 生物-神经科学

CiteScore

7.70

自引率

0.00%

发文量

137

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology publishes original research concerned with the analysis of neuronal and brain function at the cellular and subcellular levels. The journal offers timely, peer-reviewed articles that describe anatomic, genetic, physiologic, pharmacologic, and biochemical approaches to the study of neuronal function and the analysis of elementary mechanisms. Studies are presented on isolated mammalian tissues and intact animals, with investigations aimed at the molecular mechanisms or neuronal responses at the level of single cells. Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology also presents studies of the effects of neurons on other organ systems, such as analysis of the electrical or biochemical response to neurotransmitters or neurohormones on smooth muscle or gland cells.