A narrative review of acupuncture treatment for Autism Spectrum disorder

Abstract

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterised by impaired reciprocal social communication and interaction, as well as restrictive behaviours, interests, and activities. Researchers estimate that approximately 2% of the South African population is affected by ASD. The prevalence of ASD in South Africa remains unknown, and minimal research has been conducted within the schooling systems to accurately inform the rates, distribution, and profile of needs for children with this disorder. The aim of this study was to conduct a narrative review of acupuncture treatment for ASD. A literature search targeted sources with the highest level of evidence and relevance to the topic. Searches were conducted on credible databases, focusing on high-quality publications with the most up-to-date information. A small number of studies (n=6) met the criteria for this narrative review. The studies reported statistically significant improvements in areas such as cognition, comprehension, social interaction, behaviours, speech and language, as well as food and noise sensitivity. Treatment was well tolerated, with minimal adverse effects. It may be concluded that there is evidence supporting the efficacy of acupuncture treatment for ASD; however, the quality of the studies has been relatively poor, and the sample sizes were insufficient. Research on this topic is still in its early stages, and these findings need confirmation through further high-quality research.