Evaluation of Plant Essential Oils as Natural Alternatives for Alcohol-based Mouthwashes: Spotlight—Lemongrass and Citronella Java

Q4 Dentistry

European Journal of General Dentistry Pub Date : 2024-02-02 DOI:10.1055/s-0043-1777768

Nirupama Narayanan, Jennifer Sabour, Brian Chiswell, Mitch Weiland

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Abstract

Objective The purpose of our study was to evaluate plant-derived essential oils (EOs) as natural alternatives to commercial alcohol-based mouthwashes in the prevention of dental caries since several recent studies have linked high incidence of oral cancer among users with a history of prolonged use of alcohol-based mouthwashes. Materials and Methods Lemongrass, Citronella Java, Gingergrass, and Caraway seed EOs were tested against commonly occurring multidrug-resistant (MDR) oral bacteria namely Micrococcus luteus, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus oralis, and Streptococcus salivarius. Agar well diffusion method was used to determine the antibacterial effectiveness of these EOs. Samples of Citronella Java and Lemongrass EO were also analyzed by gas chromatography (GC). Results Lemongrass and Citronella Java exhibited the highest antibacterial activity against all four bacterial strains. Inhibition zones of Lemongrass were 12, 21.3, 28.3, and 32 mm in diameter against E. faecalis, M. luteus, S. oralis, and S. salivarius, respectively. In comparison, inhibition zones of Citronella Java were 11.5, 17, 20.7, and 20.2 mm in diameter against E. faecalis, M. luteus, S. oralis, and S. salivarius, respectively. A significant finding in our study was that antibacterial activity of Lemongrass was much higher than that of tetracycline, a broad-spectrum antibiotic, against S. oralis and S. salivarius, while the inhibitory effects of Citronella Java against these two oral streptococci were comparable to tetracycline. The major components of Citronella Java identified by GC were citronellal, citronellol, and geraniol, whereas Lemongrass was primarily composed of cis and trans forms of citral. Conclusion Our results suggest that Lemongrass and Citronella Java could be promising natural alternatives to alcohol-based mouthwashes against MDR oral bacteria in the prevention of dental caries.

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植物精油作为含酒精漱口水天然替代品的评估：聚焦--柠檬草和香茅渣

目的我们的研究旨在评估植物萃取精油（EOs）作为商用酒精漱口水的天然替代品在预防龋齿方面的作用，因为最近的一些研究表明，长期使用酒精漱口水的使用者口腔癌发病率很高。材料和方法针对常见的耐多药（MDR）口腔细菌（即黄体微球菌、粪肠球菌、口腔链球菌和唾液链球菌）测试了柠檬草、香茅渣、姜草和香芹籽环氧乙烷。琼脂井扩散法用于确定这些环氧乙烷的抗菌效果。香茅和柠檬草环氧乙烷样本也通过气相色谱法（GC）进行了分析。结果柠檬草和香茅渣对所有四种细菌菌株的抗菌活性最高。柠檬草对粪肠球菌、黄体霉菌、口腔球菌和唾液球菌的抑菌区直径分别为 12、21.3、28.3 和 32 毫米。相比之下，香茅渣对粪肠球菌、黄体霉菌、口腔酵母菌和唾液腺酵母菌的抑制区直径分别为 11.5、17、20.7 和 20.2 毫米。我们研究的一个重要发现是，柠檬草对口腔链球菌和唾液链球菌的抗菌活性远高于四环素（一种广谱抗生素），而爪哇香茅对这两种口腔链球菌的抑制作用与四环素相当。经气相色谱法鉴定，爪哇香茅中的主要成分是香茅醛、香茅醇和香叶醇，而柠檬草的主要成分是顺式和反式柠檬醛。结论我们的研究结果表明，在预防龋齿的过程中，柠檬草和香茅渣可作为酒精漱口水的天然替代品，用于对抗口腔中的耐药菌。

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来源期刊

European Journal of General Dentistry Dentistry-Dentistry (all)

CiteScore

1.00

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： European Journal of General Dentistry (EJGD) is one of the leading open-access international dental journal within the field of Dentistry. The aim of EJGD is publishing novel and high-quality research papers, as well as to influence the practice of dentistry at clinician, research, industry and policy-maker level on an international basis. EJGD publishes articles on all disciplines of dentistry including the cariology, orthodontics, oral surgery, preventive dentistry, periodontology, endodontology, operative dentistry, fixed and removable prosthodontics, dental biomaterials science, long-term clinical trials including epidemiology and oral health, technology transfer of new scientific instrumentation or procedures, as well as clinically relevant oral biology and translational research.Moreover, EJGD also publish the scientific researches evaluating the use of new biomaterials, new drugs and new methods for treatment of patients with different kinds of oral and maxillofacial diseases or defects, the diagnosis of oral and maxillofacial diseases with new methods, etc. Moreover, researches on the quality of life, psychological interventions, improving disease treatment outcomes, the prevention, diagnosis and management of cancer therapeutic complications, rehabilitation, palliative and end of life care, and support teamwork for cancer care and oral health care for old patients are also welcome. EJGD publishes research articles, case reports, reviews and comparison studies evaluating materials and methods in the all fields of related to dentistry.