West Nile Virus in Italy: An Update of the Viral Strains Circulating in the Late 2022 Epidemic Season

Zoonotic Diseases Pub Date : 2024-02-05 DOI:10.3390/zoonoticdis4010006

F. Valleriani, A. Polci, F. Iapaolo, O. Portanti, M. Pisciella, A. Cersini, A. Guercio, I. Del Lesto, V. Curini, Luana Fiorella Mincarelli, Francesca Gucciardi, C. De Liberato, G. Purpari, Giorgia Amatori, D. Morelli, G. Savini, F. Monaco

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Abstract

West Nile virus (WNV) (Flaviviridae, Flavivirus) infection is a mosquito-borne zoonosis able of causing disease and death in humans and animals. Over the past decade, WNV infections have been a significant public health concern in Europe, and Italy has been among the most affected countries since 2008. The 2022 vector season has been characterized by an intense and early circulation of WNV. This report describes cases of co-circulation of WNV L1 and of WNV L2 occurring at the end of the 2022 vector season in Sicily and Tuscany, regions where no strains had ever been sequenced. The phylogenetic analysis of the detected strains confirmed the peculiar WNV scenario that has characterized the Italian West Nile disease (WND) epidemic since its appearance. The circulation observed in Tuscany was in fact a consequence of the spread of endemic strains to new areas while the Sicilian episodes were linked to new introductions of WNV L1 and L2 strains likely from other European countries.

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意大利的西尼罗河病毒：2022 年末流行季节病毒株的最新情况

西尼罗河病毒（WNV）（黄热病病毒科，黄热病病毒属）感染是一种由蚊子传播的人畜共患病，可导致人类和动物患病和死亡。在过去十年中，西尼罗河病毒感染一直是欧洲的一个重大公共卫生问题，自 2008 年以来，意大利一直是受影响最严重的国家之一。2022 年病媒流行季节的特点是 WNV 的密集和早期流行。本报告描述了 2022 年病媒季节末期在西西里岛和托斯卡纳区发生的 WNV L1 和 WNV L2 共同流行的病例，这些地区从未对任何病毒株进行过测序。对检测到的毒株进行的系统进化分析证实了自意大利西尼罗病（WND）流行以来，WNV 的特殊情况。在托斯卡纳观察到的流行实际上是地方性毒株向新地区传播的结果，而西西里的疫情则与可能从其他欧洲国家新引入的 WNV L1 和 L2 毒株有关。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Zoonotic Diseases

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